Fig. 21.

Superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surface of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). A flowering plant of Lotus (a), a lotus leaf contaminated with clay (b) and removal of the adhering particles by water (c). The SEM micrographs (d–f) show the lotus leaf surface in different magnifications: (d) The papilla epidermis, (e) single cell papilla, and (f) the epicuticular nonacosan-10-ol tubules on the cell surface