Table 3.
Logistic regression predicting long-term opioid abstinence (n=699)
| Abstinence from heroin | Abstinence from heroin and other opioids |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Model I | Model II | Model III | Model I | Model II | Model III |
| Age | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
| (0.99, 1.02) |
(0.98, 1.02) |
(0.98, 1.02) |
(0.98, 1.02) |
(0.97, 1.01) |
(0.96, 1.01) |
|
| Gender (Male vs. Female) | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.91 | 1.13 | 1.24 | 1.37 |
| (0.53, 1.09) |
(0.56, 1.17) |
(0.61, 1.36) |
(0.75, 1.72) |
(0.80, 1.90) |
(0.86, 2.19) |
|
| Randomization (BUP vs. MET) |
0.68 (0.48, 0.95)* |
0.74 (0.52, 1.05) |
0.72 (0.50, 1.03) |
0.68 (0.47, 1.00) |
0.79 (0.53, 1.18) |
0.79 (0.52, 1.19) |
| Race (vs. White) | ||||||
| Black | 0.64 (0.33, 1.23) |
0.68 (0.35, 1.31) |
0.61 (0.31, 1.20) |
0.64 (0.30, 1.37) |
0.69 (0.32, 1.51) |
0.61 (0.27, 1.37) |
| Hispanic | 0.54 (0.30, 0.98)* |
0.65 (0.35, 1.19) |
0.64 (0.34, 1.23) |
0.19 (0.07, 0.54)* |
0.24 (0.08, 0.69)* |
0.23 (0.08, 0.69)* |
| Other | 1.39 (0.73, 2.66) |
1.43 (0.74, 2.78) |
1.21 (0.61, 2.42) |
1.80 (0.90, 3.58) |
1.94 (0.95, 3.94) |
1.61 (0.77, 3.36) |
| Sites (West vs. East) | 0.71 (0.49, 1.02) |
0.72 (0.50, 1.05) |
0.80 (0.54, 1.19) |
0.54 (0.36, 0.82)* |
0.56 (0.37, 0.86)* |
0.63 (0.40, 0.99)* |
| Number of baseline diseases | ||||||
| Medical | 0.99 (0.86, 1.15) |
1.02 (0.88, 1.18) |
1.04 (0.89, 1.21) |
0.94 (0.80, 1.11) |
0.98 (0.83, 1.16) |
1.00 (0.84, 1.19) |
| Psychiatric | 0.91 (0.81, 1.02) |
0.90 (0.80, 1.02) |
0.96 (0.85, 1.09) |
0.92 (0.81, 1.05) |
0.91 (0.79, 1.04) |
0.99 (0.85, 1.15) |
| Smoker at baseline | 0.55 (0.33, 0.94)* |
0.57 (0.34, 0.98)* |
0.63 (0.36, 1.10) |
0.60 (0.34, 1.06) |
0.62 (0.34, 1.12) |
0.76 (0.40, 1.44) |
| Past 30 days use of | ||||||
| Alcohol | 1.40 (0.97, 2.01) |
1.35 (0.93, 1.95) |
1.37 (0.93, 2.02) |
0.98 (0.65, 1.49) |
0.91 (0.59, 1.40) |
0.93 (0.59, 1.45) |
| Drugs by injection | 0.41 (0.28, 0.59)* |
0.42 (0.29, 0.61)* |
0.44 (0.30, 0.65)* |
0.70 (0.47, 1.06) |
0.76 (0.49, 1.16) |
0.85 (0.54, 1.32) |
| Cocaine positive by urine test |
0.54 (0.37, 0.80)* |
0.57 (0.39, 0.85)* |
0.58 (0.38, 0.87)* |
0.79 (0.52, 1.22) |
0.88 (0.56, 1.37) |
0.96 (0.60, 1.53) |
| Ever employed during follow-up |
0.78 (0.52, 1.16) |
1.06 (0.67, 1.70) |
||||
| Age at first opioid use |
1.03 (1.00, 1.05)* |
1.03 (1.00, 1.06)* |
||||
| Social support score | 1.06 (1.02, 1.10)* |
1.06 (1.02, 1.11)* |
||||
| Barratt Impulsiveness Scale | 0.96 (0.94, 0.98)* |
0.96 (0.93, 0.98)* |
||||
| Months of treatment during the past 5 years |
1.02 (1.01, 1.03)* |
1.02 (1.01, 1.03)* |
1.03 (1.02, 1.04)* |
1.03 (1.02, 1.04)* |
||
| Months of incarceration during the past 5 years |
0.98 (0.96, 1.00) |
0.99 (0.96, 1.01) |
0.98 (0.95, 1.01) |
0.99 (0.96, 1.02) |
||
Note. Abstinence from heroin: no heroin use during five years prior to the participants’ last self-reported record from the TLFB; Abstinence from heroin and other opioids: no heroin and other opioids use during the 5 years prior to the participants’ last self-reported record from the TLFB; BUP: Buprenorphine/naloxone; MET: Methadone.
*
The 95% confidence interval of odds ratio is statistically significant.