Figure 6.

Proposed CSF-470 mechanism. After injection of CSF-470 plus adjuvants, a strong inflammatory reaction takes place, with release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines [20]. This reaction favors irradiated cell material to be incorporated and processed by Ag presenting cells, which then primes Naïve T cells in the lymph node. Subsequently, an antitumor cellular and humoral response is developed against tumor Ags present in the vaccine. Immune attack to micrometastases produces the release of antigenic material, which could contribute to epitope spreading, generating immunity against self-tumor Ags. After each vaccination, the release of IL-6 promotes CRP synthesis by liver cells. CRP acts in its monomeric form in the micrometastatic niche, stimulating immune cells and antibodies to attack tumor cells. This process, which takes place after every vaccination, could contribute to epitope spreading, and therefore, the augmentation of the immune response against self-tumor Ags.