Table 6.
Reliability of assessment tools
| Test | Internal consistency | Test–retest | Intrarater | Inter-rater | Minimal detectable change | Minimal clinical important difference |
| Bayley-III | GM α=0.87–0.93 MC: α 0.90–0.96 (24–42 months)31 | Gross motor subtest (n=47) r=0.79 Motor component r=0.8031 |
– | – | SEM gross motor subtest 0.85–1.08 of motor component=3.00–4.74 (24–42 months)31 | – |
| BOT-2 | (n=100) α=0.92;36
(n=141) α=0.86;21 4–7 years (n=620) α=0.95, 8–11 years (n=450) α=0.9512 |
(n=100) ICC=0.99;36 (n=141) ICC=0.97;21
4–7 years (n=43) r=0.81, 8–12 years (n=44) r=0.8012 |
– | Total motor composite 4–21 years (n=47) r=0.9812 | 4.18 (sensitivity 55.10%, specificity 72.55%);36 7.43 (sensitivity 42.49%, specificity 65.72%)21 | 6.53 (sensitivity 48.98%, specificity 76.47%);36 6.55 (sensitivity 49.99%, specificity 58.78%)21 |
| MABC-2 (AB 1) | (n=60) M.D α=0.51, A&C α=0.70, Bal α=0.66;37 (n=1823) α=0.502;19 (n=50) α=0.81–0.8728 | (n=60) ICC=0.85;37 Item ICCs 0.830–0.985;19 ICC test–retest=0.83;28 Inter-rater test–retest ICC=0.7928 | (n=28) κ=0.7128 | Item ICCs range 0.892–0.998;19 (n=22) κ=0.6028 | (n=28) Intrarater MDC=3.43; (n=22) Inter-tester MDC=3.8128 |
- |
| MABC-2 (AB 2) | Translated version (Japanese) (n=132) α=0.60238 | – | ICC=0.6423 | ICC 0.6323 | Intra-rater SDC TTS: ±11.7 TSS±3.3; Inter-rater SDC TTS±16.0 TSS±3.823 | – |
| MABC-2 | Subscales α=0.78 (M.D=0.77, BS=0.52, Bal=0.77);41 α=0.88;42
(n=141) α=0.8821 |
n=60 (all three age bands) r=0.80;29
r=0.74 p<0.0001 (standard score). ICC standard score=0.85;41 ICC 0.96;42 n=141 ICC=0.9621 |
ICC 0.8841 | ICC 0.96–0.9941 | SEM 1.34 (95% CI)=3;29
1.83 (95% CI);42 1.83 (sensitivity 69.69% specificity 52.10%)21 |
1.39 (sensitivity 72.47%, specificity 46.18%)21 42 |
| MAND | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NSMDA | Cross-correlation matrix Item scoring (12+24 months) 0.73 p<0.001, Functional grade (12+24 months) 0.87 p<0.00146 | – | – | – | – | – |
| PDMS-2 | (n=141) α=0.89;21 24–35 m α=0.97, 36–47 m α=0.95, 48–59 m α=0.97, 60–71 m α=0.98. For subgroups* α=0.9934 | n=141 ICC=0.9721 | Unable to extract data for ≥24 months34 | Unable to extract data for ≥24 months34 | 7.76 (sensitivity 60.65%, specificity 74.13%);21SEM 24–59 months=3, 60–71 m=234 | 8.39 (sensitivity 61.65%, specificity 71.34%)21 |
| TGMD-2 | (n=1438) α=0.80;43 n=75 Locomotor subset α=0.71, object control α=0.72;21 n=120 α=0.72;45 n=99 α=0.90;23 n=1208 Cronbach’s α=0.91 (gross motor quotient). Locomotor 0.85 and object control 0.88. Note SEM GMQ=4–5 SEM subsets=115 | n=63 ICC=0.81 95% CI;48
n=23 ICC=0.92 total 95% CI;16 n=99 r=0.98.18 Locomotor test r=0.90 p<0.0001, object control test r=0.91 p<0.001.14 n=75 r=0.96 overall (3–5 years r=0.91), 6–8 years r=0.95), (9–10 years r=0.94)15 |
n=32 ICC=0.97 95% CI;48
n=25 ICC=0.95 95% CI;16 ICC=0.7849 ICC=0.92–0.9914 |
Obj ICC=0.93;24 (n=50) ICC=0.89;16 ICC=0.75;49 n=8 r=1.00.18
LS ICC=0.88, Obj ICC=0.89;14 n=30 r=0.9815 |
– | – |
*Gender, ethnicity, speech/language or physical disorder.31
A&C, aiming and catching; BAL, balance; Bayley-III, Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development third edition; BOT-2, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency second edition12; BS, Ball Skills; GM, gross motor subset; LS, locomotion subset; MABC-2, Movement Assessment Battery for Children second edition29; MAND, McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development32; MC, motor component; MD, manual dexterity; NSMDA, Neurological Sensory Motor Developmental Assessment33; Obj, object control subset; PDMS-2, Peabody Developmental Motor Scales second edition34; SDC, Smallest Detectable Change; TGMD-II, Test of Gross Motor Development second edition15; TSS, total standard score; TTS, total test score.