Table 2.
Perioperative characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during 2011–2014
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | P valuesfor trend | |||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| pPCI | 30 800 | 34 974 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| Yes | 3689 | 12.0 | 4359 | 12.5 | 4263 | 10.8 | 4211 | 10.7 | <0.0001 |
| On STEMI | 2866 | 9.3 | 3499 | 10.0 | 3505 | 8.9 | 3544 | 9.0 | <0.01 |
| pPCI/PCI | 2866/6514 | 44.0 | 3499/7302 | 47.9 | 3505/7889 | 44.4 | 3544/7856 | 45.1 | 0.78 |
| On NSTEMI | 334 | 1.1 | 372 | 1.1 | 349 | 0.9 | 365 | 0.9 | <0.01 |
| On UAP | 489 | 1.6 | 488 | 1.4 | 409 | 1.0 | 302 | 0.8 | <0.0001 |
| No | 27 111 | 88.0 | 30 615 | 87.5 | 35 261 | 89.2 | 35 150 | 89.3 | |
| Access artery | 30 800 | 34 800 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| Radial | 22 171 | 72.0 | 28 266 | 81.2 | 34 520 | 87.3 | 35 582 | 90.4 | <0.0001 |
| Femoral | 8453 | 27.4 | 6527 | 18.7 | 4803 | 12.2 | 3545 | 9.0 | <0.0001 |
| Brachial | 165 | 0.5 | 170 | 0.5 | 187 | 0.5 | 209 | 0.5 | 0.94 |
| Others | 11 | 0.0 | 11 | 0.0 | 14 | 0.0 | 25 | 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Contrast type | 30 080 | 34 154 | 38 585 | 39 361 | |||||
| Non-ionic | 30 027 | 99.8 | 34 119 | 99.9 | 38 493 | 99.8 | 39 198 | 99.6 | <0.0001 |
| Iso-osmolar | 10 055 | 33.4 | 12 988 | 38.0 | 16 540 | 42.9 | 20 034 | 50.9 | <0.0001 |
| Low-osmolar | 19 972 | 66.4 | 21 131 | 61.9 | 21 953 | 56.9 | 19 164 | 48.7 | <0.0001 |
| Ionic | 53 | 0.2 | 35 | 0.1 | 92 | 0.2 | 163 | 0.4 | <0.0001 |
| Antiplatelet | 30 800 | 34 974 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| Aspirin | 29 459 | 95.6 | 34 189 | 97.8 | 38 267 | 96.8 | 38 547 | 97.9 | <0.0001 |
| Clopidogrel | 29 486 | 95.7 | 34 231 | 97.9 | 37 165 | 94.0 | 36 122 | 91.8 | <0.0001 |
| Ticagrelor | 30 | 0.1 | 13 | 0.0 | 222 | 0.6 | 1299 | 3.3 | <0.0001 |
| Ticlopidine | 54 | 0.2 | 50 | 0.1 | 520 | 1.3 | 1202 | 3.1 | <0.0001 |
| Cilostazol | 22 | 0.1 | 17 | 0.0 | 23 | 0.1 | 15 | 0.0 | 0.11 |
| GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor | 4670 | 15.2 | 6232 | 17.8 | 6135 | 15.5 | 5099 | 13.0 | <0.0001 |
| Anticoagulation | 30 800 | 34 974 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| UFH | 18 788 | 61.0 | 21 343 | 61.0 | 22 885 | 57.9 | 24 547 | 62.4 | 0.19 |
| LMWH | 9248 | 30.0 | 10 398 | 29.7 | 12 622 | 31.9 | 12 012 | 30.5 | <0.01 |
| Fondaparinux | 373 | 1.2 | 939 | 2.7 | 886 | 2.2 | 0 | 0.0 | <0.0001 |
| Bivalirudin | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 93 | 0.2 | 395 | 1.0 | <0.0001 |
| IABP | 30 800 | 34 974 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| Yes | 450 | 1.5 | 579 | 1.7 | 584 | 1.5 | 432 | 1.1 | <0.0001 |
| No | 30 350 | 98.5 | 34 395 | 98.3 | 38 940 | 98.5 | 38 929 | 98.9 | |
| IVUS | 30 800 | 34 974 | 39 524 | 39 361 | |||||
| Yes | 439 | 1.4 | 399 | 1.1 | 383 | 1.0 | 439 | 1.1 | <0.0001 |
| No | 30 361 | 98.6 | 34 575 | 98.9 | 39 141 | 99.0 | 38 922 | 98.9 | |
GP IIb/IIIa, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; pPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; UAP, unstable angina pectoris; UFH, unfractionated heparin.