Table 2.
Clinical variables at baseline
| N (men %) | All n = 394 |
Men n = 174 |
Women n = 220 | P values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (kg) | 394 (44.2 %) | 56.8 ± 9.9 | 62.8 ± 8.9 | 52.0 ± 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Maximum BW (kg) | 390 (43.8 %) | 62.4 ± 10.5 | 68.0 ± 10.2 | 58.1 ± 8.5 | <0.001 |
| Maximum BW (Age) | 387 (43.7 %) | 41.9 ± 13.8 | 42.6 ± 12.6 | 41.3 ± 14.7 | 0.353 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 393 (44.3 %) | 22.1 ± 2.9 | 22.4 ± 2.6 | 21.8 ± 3.2 | 0.048 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 357 (42.6 %) | 78.1 ± 9.2 | 80.8 ± 7.6 | 76.1 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 392 (44.1 %) | 7.8 ± 1.4 | 7.9 ± 1.5 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 0.172 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 96 (44.8 %) | 134.9 ± 62.8 | 142.0 ± 63.4 | 129.2 ± 62.4 | 0.322 |
| PPPG (mg/dL) | 344 (44.8 %) | 174.2 ± 89.3 | 174.2 ± 91.6 | 174.2 ± 87.6 | 0.999 |
| SBP(mmHg) | 389 (44.0 %) | 125.3 ± 15.5 | 126.0 ± 15.4 | 124.9 ± 15.7 | 0.489 |
| DBP(mmHg) | 389 (44.0 %) | 72.3 ± 9.8 | 73.5 ± 9.8 | 71.4 ± 9.6 | 0.030 |
| Lipid profiles | |||||
| TC (mg/dL) | 364 (43.7 %) | 198.3 ± 29.7 | 193.8 ± 30.5 | 201.8 ± 28.6 | 0.011 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 370 (43.2 %) | 107.0 ± 24.3 | 106.1 ± 26.3 | 107.7 ± 22.7 | 0.537 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 388 (43.6 %) | 72.9 ± 18.3 | 68.0 ± 19.4 | 76.7 ± 16.5 | <0.001 |
| non-HDL-C (mg/dL) | 358 (43.0 %) | 125.3 ± 26.0 | 125.1 ± 27.6 | 125.4 ± 24.8 | 0.902 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 172 (40.7 %) | 73.0 (56.0–92.0) | 80.1 (63.0–115.0) | 67.5 (52.0–86.0) | 0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 383 (44.1 %) | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 383 (44.1 %) | 81.1 ± 17.4 | 81.6 ± 16.0 | 80.7 ± 18.4 | 0.634 |
| Serum albumin (mg/dL) | 349 (43.3 %) | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 0.812 |
Continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD and tested for significance by using Student’s t tests. The non-normally distributed variable (TG) was presented as median (interquartile range) and tested for significance by using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. P values are given for sex differences, where a P value of 0.05 (two sided) was considered to indicate significance
BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, PPPG postprandial plasma glucose, IRI immunoreactive insulin, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate as calculated by the following formula: men (mL/min/1.73 m2) = 194 × Cr−1.094 × age−0.287; women (mL/min./1.73 m2) = 194 × Cr−1.094 × age−0.287 × 0.739