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. 2016 Nov 4;8(2):181–192. doi: 10.1007/s13340-016-0291-x

Table 4.

Subgroup analysis of the DDRQOL-R scale

Category	n	Satisfaction with diet		Burden of diet therapy		Perceived merits of diet therapy		General perception of diet		Restriction of social functions		Vitality		Mental health
Category	n	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p	Mean ± SD^a	p
HbA1c
<8%	147	72.2 ± 18.9	0.067	71.3 ± 18.9	0.177	49.5 ± 22.0	0.028	54.9 ± 25.4	0.970	87.2 ± 17.0	0.440	65.2 ± 19.7	0.067	73.3 ± 15.8	0.423
8%≤	37	78.6 ± 16.8	0.067	64.4 ± 25.3	0.177	39.2 ± 24.3	0.028	54.7 ± 28.8	0.970	84.1 ± 19.2	0.440	59.0 ± 21.2	0.067	68.8 ± 23.4	0.423
Diabetic nephropathy
Stage 1, 2	163	73.9 ± 18.7	0.157	70.7 ± 19.8	0.161	48.7 ± 22.4	0.033	55.4 ± 26.0	0.534	87.0 ± 17.0	0.531	65.0 ± 20.0	0.124	72.4 ± 17.0	0.713
Stage 3	21	69.7 ± 17.8	0.157	63.1 ± 24.3	0.161	37.9 ± 23.6	0.033	51.2 ± 26.8	0.534	83.3 ± 21.1	0.531	56.0 ± 22.7	0.124	72.4 ± 22.5	0.713
Dietary therapy adherence
Always Usually	79	76.6 ± 17.5	0.031	76.0 ± 18.3	<0.0001	54.4 ± 24.2	<0.0001	66.5 ± 21.9	<0.0001	86.7 ± 19.1	0.565	68.9 ± 18.2	0.002	74.4 ± 17.4	0.126
Often Sometimes Never	104	70.8 ± 19.0	0.031	65.0 ± 20.7	<0.0001	42.5 ± 19.8	<0.0001	45.9 ± 25.6	<0.0001	86.3 ± 16.2	0.565	59.9 ± 20.4	0.002	70.7 ± 17.8	0.126

Mann-Whitney U test

SD standard deviation