Table 2.
Factors associated with self-rated health in South Korea and U.S., binomial logit model, outcome variable “poor”; unit: odds ratio (95% confidence interval).
| South Korea | U.S. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Female | 1.60 | (1.45 | - | 1.77) | 0.84 | (0.75 | - | 0.94) |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| 20–29 | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| 30–39 | 1.09 | (0.91 | - | 1.32) | 1.11 | (0.83 | - | 1.47) |
| 40–49 | 1.11 | (0.91 | - | 1.35) | 1.03 | (0.78 | - | 1.36) |
| 50–59 | 1.19 | (0.96 | - | 1.47) | 1.56 | (1.15 | - | 2.12) |
| 60–69 | 1.02 | (0.81 | - | 1.29) | 1.44 | (1.12 | - | 1.84) |
| ≥70 | 1.05 | (0.82 | - | 1.34) | 1.22 | (0.95 | - | 1.55) |
| Annual household income | ||||||||
| Q1 (Low) | 1.54 | (1.36 | - | 1.74) | 2.42 | (1.92 | - | 3.05) |
| Q2 | 1.22 | (1.09 | - | 1.36) | 1.64 | (1.32 | - | 2.05) |
| Q3 | 1.05 | (0.95 | - | 1.17) | 1.19 | (0.89 | - | 1.59) |
| Q4 (High) | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Education | ||||||||
| Middle school graduate | 1.69 | (1.49 | - | 1.92) | 2.42 | (2.09 | - | 2.80) |
| High school graduate | 1.11 | (1 | - | 1.22) | 1.53 | (1.33 | - | 1.75) |
| ≥ College | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Occupational class | ||||||||
| Other | 1.15 | (1.04 | - | 1.26) | 1.59 | (1.38 | - | 1.83) |
| Blue collar | 0.93 | (0.83 | - | 1.04) | 0.89 | (0.70 | - | 1.15) |
| White collar | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Stress awareness | ||||||||
| Yes | 1.12 | (1.02 | - | 1.22) | 2.48 | (2.12 | - | 2.90) |
| No | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Single | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Widowed/ divorced/ separated | 0.99 | (0.80 | - | 1.23) | 0.97 | (0.81 | - | 1.16) |
| Married | 0.94 | (0.78 | - | 1.12) | 0.84 | (0.68 | - | 1.05) |
| Insurance type | ||||||||
| Private & public or private only | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Public only | 1.34 | (1.22 | - | 1.46) | 1.13 | (0.92 | - | 1.39) |
| Medical-Aid | 2.24 | (1.80 | - | 2.79) | 1.01 | (0.36 | - | 2.87) |
| None | 2.31 | (0.44 | - | 12.15) | 1.11 | (0.95 | - | 1.30) |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||||
| Yes | 1.03 | (0.94 | - | 1.13) | 0.93 | (0.83 | - | 1.03) |
| No | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Cigarette smoking | ||||||||
| Yes | 1.35 | (1.22 | - | 1.49) | 1.44 | (1.25 | - | 1.67) |
| No | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Comorbid conditions | ||||||||
| None | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| 1 | 2.13 | (1.92 | - | 2.35) | 1.34 | (1.13 | - | 1.58) |
| 2 | 3.77 | (3.33 | - | 4.26) | 2.17 | (1.79 | - | 2.62) |
| 3+ | 5.88 | (4.98 | - | 6.95) | 4.76 | (3.78 | - | 5.99) |
| Obesity | ||||||||
| Underweight | 1.60 | (1.37 | - | 1.88) | 2.49 | (1.61 | - | 3.85) |
| Normal | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Overweight | 0.82 | (0.75 | - | 0.90) | 1.12 | (0.94 | - | 1.34) |
| Obese | 0.98 | (0.90 | - | 1.07) | 1.79 | (1.47 | - | 2.18) |
| Survey year | ||||||||
| 2007 | 0.90 | (0.76 | - | 1.08) | 1.06 | (0.90 | - | 1.24) |
| 2008 | 1.23 | (1.08 | - | 1.41) | ||||
| 2009 | 1.20 | (1.04 | - | 1.39) | 1.19 | (1.03 | - | 1.37) |
| 2010 | 1.14 | (0.99 | - | 1.32) | ||||
| 2011 | 0.95 | (0.83 | - | 1.08) | 1 | - | - | |
| 2012 | 1 | - | - | |||||
| Race | ||||||||
| White | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | ||
| Black | - | - | - | 1.88 | (1.63 | - | 2.18) | |
| Hispanic | - | - | - | 2.81 | (2.42 | - | 3.26) | |
| Others | - | - | - | 1.66 | (1.23 | - | 2.25) | |