Figure 1.

GCAWKR Upregulation in GC Tissues

(A) GCAWKR expression in GC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues was determined in ISH assays (cohort 1, n = 42). **p < 0.01. (B) Statistical analysis of GCAWKR expression in 42 paired normal and cancerous gastric tissues. The y axis indicates staining intensity of GCAWKR. The expression level of GCAWKR was significantly higher in cancerous tissues (p < 0.0001, paired t test). (C) ISH of GCAWKR in normal gastric mucosa or gastric cancer tissues. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained using specific probe for GCAWKR. The expression level of GCAWKR was higher in tissues with advanced TNM stage. (D) GCAWKR expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in GC samples and adjacent nontumor tissues (cohort 2, n = 123). GCAWKR expression level was normalized to that of β-actin. Horizontal lines in the boxplots represent the medians, the boxes represent the interquartile range, and the whiskers represent the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. The significant differences between samples were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. **p < 0.01. (E) ROC curve for prediction of gastric cancer using qRT-PCR-based GCAWKR expression level. The AUC was 0.703, with 95% CI and p value indicated. (F) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in GC patients (p < 0.001 for both OS and DFS) based on GCAWKR expression.