Table 2.
List of cancers, their cause, common types, and estimated deaths.
| Most Prevalent Cancers | Cause | Most Common Type | Estimated Death | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bladder | Smoking, Exposition to certain chemicals, chronic bladder infections, Abnormal cell growth in the muscular sac that stores urine, urothelium, infection with Schistosoma haematobium | Urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, Superficial bladder cancer, Invasive bladder cancer | 17,240 | [51,52] |
| Breast (Men and Female) | Malignant tumor in the breast, gene mutation, family history | Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC), Mammogram, Lumpectomy, Mastectomy | 268,670 | [51] |
| Colon and Rectal | Genetic mutation, an inherited or acquire mutation to the APC gene. | More than 95% of colon cancer can be classified as adenocarcinomas. | 50,630 | [51] |
| Endometrial | Increasing age, unopposed estrogen therapy, late menopause, tamoxifen therapy, nulliparity, infertility or failure to ovulate, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and HNPCC. | Adenocarcinoma, Carcinosarcoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Undifferentiated carcinoma, Small cell carcinoma, Transitional carcinoma | 11,350 | [53] |
| Kidney (Renal Cell and Renal Pelvis) | Smoking, obesity, Workplace exposures, Family history of kidney cancer, High blood pressure, Certain medicines | Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Papillary renal cell carcinoma, Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinomas, Wilms tumors, and renal sarcomas. | 14,970 | [51,54] |
| Leukemia (All Types) | DNA of immature blood cells, mainly white cells, becomes damaged. | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), Leukemia in children | 24,370 | [51] |
| Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct | Alcohol, age, smoking, genetic, hepatitis, obesity, cirrhosis, gender | Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hepatoblastoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma | 30,200 | [51] |
| Lung (Including Bronchus) | Smoking tobacco, second hand smoke, genetic undergoing radiation therapy and environmental exposure | Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) | 154,050 | [51,55] |
| Skin | Exposure to Ultraviolet (UV) light, tanning beds or sunlamps. | Melanoma, Basal, Squamous and Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Epidermoid cysts | 9320 | [51,55] |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | Infection-fighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes, immune deficiency. | Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Skin lymphoma, pediatric lymphoma, AIDS-related lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) | 19,910 | [51] |
| Pancreatic | DNA mutations, Diabetes, smoking, pancreatitis, smoking, Obesity | Exocrine cancers, Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, endocrine | 44,330 | [51] |
| Prostate | Oncogenes change or mutation in the DNA, Age, growth of abnormal cells, which may invader healthy cells in the body. | Acinar, ductal adenocarcinoma, ductal, urothelial, squamous cell cancer, Small all prostate cancer | 29,430 | [56] |
| Thyroid | Radiation, low iodine consumptions, family history, gender, age, hereditary conditions, DNA mutations | papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. | 2060 | [51] |