Table 3.

Sex-stratified hierarchical models showing demographic, socio-economic, behavioural and biological factors associated with log BMI for women.

	Model 1 Demographic and socioeconomic factors		Model 2 Demographic, socio-economic and behavioural factors		Model 3 Demographic, socio-economic, behavioural and biological factors
	Coeff (95%CI)	p-value	Coeff (95%CI)	p-value	Coeff (95%CI)	p-value
Age (years)	−0.002 (−0.005, 0.001)	0.280	−0.002 (−0.005, 0.001)	0.267	−0.004 (−0.008, −0.0009)	0.012
Marital Status
Never married or cohabited	Ref		Ref		Ref
Married/living with partner	0.05 (−0.001, 0.09)	0.053	0.05 (0.005, 0.09)	0.029	0.03 (−0.02, 0.08)	0.220
Divorced/Widowed	0.02 (−0.03, 0.08)	0. 390	0.03 (−0.03, 0.08)	0.338	0.03 (−0.03, 0.08)	0.345
Level of education
No formal education	Ref		Ref		Ref
Primary	0.02 (−0.05, 0.09)	0.560	0.003 (−0.06, 0.07)	0.922	0.005 (−0.06, 0.07)	0.887
Secondary	0.04 (−0.03, 0.11)	0.256	0.010 (−0.05, 0.08)	0.698	0.008 (−0.06, 0.08)	0.821
Tertiary	−0.03 (−0.15, 0.9)	0.654	−0.07 (−0.19, 0.05)	0.258	−0.07 (−0.19, 0.05)	0.248
SES
1st quintile	Ref		Ref		Ref
2nd quintile	0.05 (−0.01, 0.12)	0.117	0.04 (−0.02, 0.10)	0.279	0.03 (−0.04, 0.09)	0.370
3rd quintile	0.09 (0.01, 0.17)	0.016	0.07 (−0.004, 0.14)	0.064	0.07 (−0.004, 0.14)	0.064
4th quintile	0.09 (0.02, 0.15)	0.012	0.07 (−0.001, 0.13)	0.054	0.07 (0.007, 0.14)	0.031
5th quintile	0.14 (0.07, 0.21)	< 0.001	0.11 (0.04, 0.17)	0.002	0.10 (0.03, 0.17)	0.003
Diet
Bread intake (Servings/day)			0.01 (0.0004;0.02)	0.041	0.007 (−0.004, 0.02)	0.228
Fruit/vegetable intake (servings/day)			0.00 (−0.005, 0.01)	0.435	0.007 (−0.002, 0.02)	0.118
Sugar sweetened beverages (servings/day)			0.02 (−0.0008, 0.05)	0.058	0.02 (−0.003, 0.04)	0.081
Smoking status
Never			Ref		Ref
Current smoked			−0.14 (−0.25, −0.03)	0.010	−0.15 (−0.26, −0.05)	0.005
Former smoker			−0.02 (−0.12, 0.07)	0.638	−0.02 (−012, 0.08)	0.674
Use alcohol
Never			Ref		Ref
Current non-problematic			0.01 (−0.06, 0.09)	0.713	0.04 (−0.05, 0.11)	0.411
Current problematic			−0.06 (−0.13, 0.01)	0.108	−0.05 (−0.13, 0.02)	0.151
Former Consumer			0.005 (−0.04, 0.05)	0.840	0.0 (−0.03, 0.06)	0.482
Sleep (hours/night)			−0.02 (−0.03, −0.003)	0.013	−0.02 (−0.03, −0.003)	0.015
HIV Status
HIV negative					Ref
HIV Positive					−0.13 (−0.17, −0.08)	< 0.001
Number of pregnancies					0.003 (−0.005, 0.01)	0.445
R2	0.044		0.081		0.116
Adjusted R2	0.032		0.059		0.092
F (p-value)	< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
Mean VIF (min, max)	2.28 (1.20,3.56)		1.75 (1.07, 3.71)		1.73 (1.07,3.87)

SES – Socioeconomic status, HIV – Human immunodeficiency virus