Table 3.
Stillbirth and early neonatal mortality by different types of cooking fuel: BDHS 2004–2014.
| Stillbirth n (%) |
Early neonatal mortality n (%) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of cooking fuels | Yes | No | aOR (95% CI) | P-value | Yes | No | aOR (95% CI) | P-value |
| Clean | 64 (7.1) | 3039 (11.2) | Reference | 58 (7.4) | 3584 (10.2) | Reference | ||
| Kerosene/coal/ lignite/charcoal |
86 (10.3) | 2510 (8.6) | 0.97 (0.56–1.68) | 0.92 | 76 (9.7) | 3319 (8.7) | 1.18 (0.71–1.98) | 0.53 |
| Wood | 287 (35.0) | 11,177 (39.3) | 1.34 (0.89–2.02) | 0.16 | 293 (37.2) | 14,172 (38.2) | 1.52 (1.04–2.21) | <0.05 |
| Straw/shrubs/grass | 124 (17.5) | 2945 (12.4) | 1.06 (0.63–1.78) | 0.82 | 85 (14.7) | 4161 (13.4) | 1.26 (0.75–2.14) | 0.39 |
| Agricultural crop | 170 (26.1) | 5138 (22.4) | 1.76 (1.10–2.80) | <0.05 | 152 (25.3) | 6992 (23.3) | 1.78 (1.13–2.80) | <0.05 |
| Animal dung | 36 (4.0) | 1661 (6.1) | 0.99 (0.55–1.75) | 0.96 | 42 (5.7) | 2118 (6.2) | 1.53 (0.88–2.67) | 0.13 |
Odds ratio was adjusted for maternal age at birth, maternal education, birth order, maternal BMI, place of residence, wealth index, maternal working status, location of kitchen, and year of survey.