Table 3.

Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of NAFLD according to BMI and HOMA-IR status and serum SHBG quartiles using adjusted logistic regression

	SHBG (nmol/L)				p for trend
	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4
BMI < 24 kg/m2 (N = 1696)	<  45.03	45.03–60.90	60.91–80.98	>  80.98
Model 1	1.00	0.50 (0.38–0.66)	0.23 (0.17–0.31)	0.15 (0.11–0.21)	<  0.001
Model 2	1.00	0.56 (0.42–0.75)	0.29 (0.21–0.40)	0.24 (0.17–0.34)	<  0.001
Model 3	1.00	0.60 (0.46–0.84)	0.35 (0.25–0.48)	0.31 (0.21–0.45)	<  0.001
BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 (N = 1216)	<  32.70	32.70–43.10	43.11–56.30	>  56.30
Model 1	1.00	0.53 (0.34–0.83)	0.33 (0.21–0.51)	0.17 (0.11–0.27)	<  0.001
Model 2	1.00	0.57 (0.36–0.89)	0.37 (0.24–0.57)	0.21 (0.14–0.32)	<  0.001
Model 3	1.00	0.70 (0.44–1.12)	0.49 (0.30–0.78)	0.31 (0.19–0.51)	<  0.001
p for interaction	–	–	–	–	0.150
HOMA-IR < 2 (N = 1780)	<  45.20	45.20–60.10	60.11–79.38	>  79.38
Model 1	1.00	0.55 (0.42–0.72)	0.29 (0.22–0.39)	0.17 (0.13–0.23)	<  0.001
Model 2	1.00	0.64 (0.49–0.85)	0.40 (0.29–0.54)	0.32 (0.23–0.44)	<  0.001
Model 3	1.00	0.67 (0.50–0.89)	0.43 (0.31–0.59)	0.34 (0.24–0.49)	<  0.001
HOMA-IR ≥ 2 (N = 1132)	<  31.50	31.50–41.60	41.61–55.68	>  55.68
Model 1	1.00	0.76 (0.47–1.21)	0.41 (0.27–0.64)	0.16 (0.10–0.25)	<  0.001
Model 2	1.00	0.84 (0.52–1.36)	0.46 (0.29–0.73)	0.21 (0.14–0.33)	<  0.001
Model 3	1.00	0.83 (0.50–1.36)	0.43 (0.27–0.70)	0.22 (0.13–0.36)	<  0.001
p for interaction	–	–	–	–	0.021

Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex and household income

Model 2: Adjusted for the variables in Model 1 plus WHR, trunk fat, current smoking and drinking, physical activity (MET), hypertension and diabetes

Model 3: Adjusted for the variables in Model 2 plus serum glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TG, HDL-C, ALT, UA, testosterone and DHEAS levels

NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin; BMI body mass index; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance