Table 2. Body composition, glucose metabolism and response to Growth Hormone treatment in patients categorised by tertiles of z-scores* for total body fat percentage at baseline.
| Tertiles of baseline total body fat | P Trends | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Middle | High | ||
| Baseline | ||||
| n (male) | 30 (19) | 29 (19) | 30 (17) | NS |
| Age (years) | 6.04 (1.53) | 5.95 (1.50) | 6.50 (1.72) | 0.36 |
| Height (SDS) | -3.30 (0.60) | -3.53 (0.85) | -3.26 (0.73) | 0.32 |
| Weight (SDS) | -3.41 (0.79) | -3.24 (0.93) | -2.71 (1.23) | 0.025 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 13.65 (1.12) | 14.3 (0.91) | 14.66 (2.06) | 0.035 |
| BMI (SDS) | -1.73 (1.14) | -1.10 (0.91) | -0.89 (1.69) | 0.040 |
| Total body fat (%) | 11.9 (4.90) | 16.0 (4.20) | 20.5 (4.80) | <0.0001 |
| Total body fat % (z-score)* | -0.88 (0.36) | -0.17 (0.19) | 0.89 (0.51) | <0.0001 |
| Trunk fat (%) | 7.27 (2.51) | 9.72 (2.42) | 15.8 (4.26) | <0.0001 |
| Limb fat (%) | 17.8 (8.80) | 24.0 (8.60) | 28.0 (7.90) | <0.0001 |
| Trunk-limb fat ratio | 0.59 (0.18) | 0.56 (0.19) | 0.70 (0.20) | 0.019 |
| IGF-I (SDS) | -1.12 (1.09) | -1.18 (1.35) | -1.00 (1.40) | 0.87 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.17 (0.61) | 4.34 (0.64) | 4.47 (0.72) | 0.22 |
| Insulin (pmol/L) (log) | 1.15 (0.26) | 1.26 (0.23) | 1.27 (0.26) | 0.14 |
| C-peptide (pmol/L) (log) | 2.26 (0.24) | 2.35 (0.23) | 2.32 (0.23) | 0.41 |
| HOMA Insulin sensitivity (%) (log) | 2.42 (0.26) | 2.33 (0.24) | 2.36 (0.25) | 0.38 |
| Acute insulin response (log) | 3.04 (0.23) | 3.18 (0.20) | 3.21 (0.26) | 0.020 |
| Disposition index (log) | 5.46 (0.26) | 5.51 (0.21) | 5.57 (0.26) | 0.29 |
| 1-year | ||||
| Height (SDS) | -2.36 (0.56) | -2.42 (0.81) | -2.17 (0.70) | 0.36 |
| Weight (SDS) | -3.41 (0.79) | -3.24 (0.93) | -2.71 (1.23) | 0.010 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 14.1 (1.20) | 14.6 (1.17) | 15.3 (2.13) | 0.017 |
| BMI (SDS) | -1.30 (1.16) | -1.04 (0.96) | -0.47 (1.69) | 0.12 |
| Total body fat (%) | 8.97 (4.06) | 11.1 (4.19) | 13.8 (4.77) | 0.001 |
| Trunk fat (%) | 6.13 (1.82) | 8.73 (4.41) | 11.1 (3.82) | <0.0001 |
| Limb fat (%) | 12.1 (7.60) | 14.6 (7.70) | 17.2 (7.30) | 0.057 |
| Trunk-limb fat ratio | 0.85 (0.38) | 0.81 (0.31) | 0.85 (0.26) | 0.87 |
| IGF-I (SDS) | 2.57 (1.34) | 2.63 (1.61) | 3.46 (1.47) | 0.036 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.62 (0.49) | 4.64 (0.60) | 4.78 (0.58) | 0.48 |
| Insulin (pmol/L) (log) | 1.54 (0.23) | 1.59 (0.20) | 1.65 (0.21) | 0.19 |
| C-peptide (pmol/L) (log) | 2.58 (0.16) | 2.62 (0.17) | 2.63 (0.19) | 0.59 |
| HOMA Insulin sensitivity (%) (log) | 2.09 (0.17) | 2.05 (0.17) | 2.03 (0.19) | 0.55 |
| Acute insulin response (log) | 3.27 (0.22) | 3.45 (0.22) | 3.48 (0.28) | 0.004 |
| Disposition index (log) | 5.36 (0.23) | 5.50 (0.22) | 5.52 (0.22) | 0.024 |
| Changes from baseline to 1-year | ||||
| Delta Height (SDS) | 0.94 (0.33) | 1.04 (0.22) | 1.14 (0.31) | 0.038 |
| Delta Weight (SDS) | 1.02 (0.40) | 1.03 (0.34) | 1.05 (0.49) | 0.96 |
| Delta BMI (kg/m2) | 0.46 (0.46) | 0.47 (0.80) | 0.72 (0.72) | 0.064 |
| Delta BMI (SDS) | 0.48 (0.45) | 0.45 (0.46) | 0.40 (0.54) | 0.84 |
| Delta total body fat (%) | -2.94 (1.38) | -3.88 (1.61) | -5.30 (2.99) | 0.001 |
| Delta trunk fat (%) | -0.90 (1.56) | -1.76 (1.79) | -3.61 (2.83) | <0.0001 |
| Delta limb fat (%) | -5.47 (2.90) | -7.80 (3.36) | -9.33 (4.88) | 0.003 |
| Delta trunk-limb fat ratio | 0.27 (0.33) | 0.18 (0.18) | 0.11 (0.18) | 0.19 |
| Delta IGF-I (SDS) | 3.69 (1.32) | 3.80 (1.45) | 4.17 (1.35) | 0.042 |
| Delta glucose (nmol/L) | 0.45 (0.55) | 0.30 (0.48) | 0.38 (0.46) | 0.49 |
| Delta insulin (pmol/L) (log) | 1.99 (0.09) | 1.98 (0.09) | 2.02 (0.08) | 0.27 |
| Delta C-peptide (pmol/L) (log) | 2.81 (0.15) | 2.73 (0.49) | 2.84 (0.09) | 0.47 |
| Delta HOMA-Insulin Sensitivity (%) (log) | 3.21 (0.10) | 3.24 (0.05) | 3.23 (0.04) | 0.35 |
| Delta Acute Insulin Response (Log) | 3.27 (0.29) | 3.40 (0.21) | 3.48 (0.18) | 0.014 |
| Delta Disposition Index (Log) | 5.74 (1.10) | 5.99 (0.08) | 5.96 (0.15) | 0.43 |
Data presented as means (SD). * within cohort z-scores (z-scorec) for total body fat percentage at baseline adjusted for age, gender and type of scanner