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. 2018 Nov 9;8:16633. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34747-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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FGF2 and ASC-CMed restore the TGF-ß1-inhibited proliferation of NHCF-V. Immunofluorescence proliferation analysis of human cardiac fibroblasts undergoing myofibroblast differentiation for five days. TGF-β1 stimuli downregulated the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts. ASC-CMed and FGF-2 upregulated the proliferation. Blue: DAPI; Red: Ki-67. Scale reference: 200 μm. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison test for the groups FBM/TGF-β1 vs. FBM/TGF-β1/FGF-2 and FBM/TGF-β1 vs. ASC-CMed/TGF-β1; p-values for the Sidak’s multiple comparison test are shown in the figure. Values represent mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments in quadruplicate.