Table 2.
Global age-standardised prevalence rates per 100 000 for males and females for Level 2 GBD causes with the relative difference between the sexes for 1990 and 2017
|
Prevalence in thousands, 1990 |
Prevalence in thousands, 2017 |
Percentage change, 1990–2017 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Sex difference | Males | Females | Sex difference | Males | Females | |
| Substance use disorders | 3008 (2773 to 3237) | 1439 (1319 to 1557) | 1·09 (1·03 to 1·15) | 3018 (2782 to 3252) | 1400 (1279 to 1524) | 1·16 (1·09 to 1·23) | 0·3% (−1·2 to 2·0) | −2·7% (−4·1 to −1·2) |
| Unintentional injuries | 14 678 (13 770 to 15 758) | 10 230 (9589 to 10 981) | 0·43 (0·40 to 0·47) | 13 773 (12 888 to 14 884) | 9747 (9148 to 10 484) | 0·41 (0·38 to 0·45) | −6·2% (−6·8 to −5·4) | −4·7% (−5·6 to −3·8) |
| Self-harm and interpersonal violence | 3193 (2893 to 3529) | 5637 (5058 to 6278) | 0·43 (0·39 to 0·48) | 3265 (2943 to 3630) | 5643 (5057 to 6302) | 0·42 (0·37 to 0·47) | 2·3% (−0·1 to 4·9) | 0·1% (−1·5 to 1·7) |
| HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections | 11 433 (10 355 to 12 703) | 18 320 (16 789 to 19 998) | 0·38 (0·36 to 0·39) | 11 902 (10 826 to 13 196) | 18 936 (17 366 to 20 631) | 0·37 (0·36 to 0·39) | 4·1% (3·3 to 4·9) | 3·4% (2·6 to 4·1) |
| Transport injuries | 3150 (2924 to 3384) | 2367 (2189 to 2576) | 0·33 (0·30 to 0·37) | 3322 (3082 to 3582) | 2336 (2154 to 2535) | 0·42 (0·39 to 0·47) | 5·4% (4·1 to 7·2) | −1·3% (−2·6 to 0·0) |
| Neoplasms | 917 (871 to 938) | 1191 (1167 to 1219) | 0·23 (0·21 to 0·27) | 1188 (1146 to 1244) | 1355 (1318 to 1391) | 0·12 (0·07 to 0·16) | 29·6% (26·4 to 34·9) | 13·8% (9·4 to 17·7) |
| Other non-communicable diseases | 57 424 (55 351 to 59 629) | 73 370 (72 026 to 74 850) | 0·22 (0·20 to 0·23) | 55 565 (53 542 to 57 701) | 72 470 (71 183 to 73 891) | 0·23 (0·22 to 0·25) | −3·2% (−3·7 to −2·8) | −1·2% (−1·5 to −1·0) |
| Maternal and neonatal disorders | 1435 (1264 to 1629) | 1820 (1643 to 2018) | 0·21 (0·18 to 0·25) | 1953 (1712 to 2208) | 2288 (2027 to 2586) | 0·15 (0·11 to 0·18) | 36·1% (29·3 to 43·0) | 25·7% (18·9 to 32·2) |
| Digestive diseases | 26 590 (25 678 to 27 503) | 22 435 (21 585 to 23 377) | 0·19 (0·17 to 0·20) | 28 165 (27 283 to 29 064) | 23 417 (22 581 to 24 342) | 0·20 (0·19 to 0·21) | 5·9% (5·1 to 6·8) | 4·4% (3·7 to 5·1) |
| Neurological disorders | 36 664 (34 401 to 39 294) | 42 703 (40 642 to 45 164) | 0·14 (0·13 to 0·16) | 36 952 (34 695 to 39 469) | 42 718 (40 688 to 45 034) | 0·14 (0·12 to 0·15) | 0·8% (−0·1 to 1·6) | 0·0% (−0·6 to 0·7) |
| Musculoskeletal disorders | 15 247 (14 414 to 16 131) | 17 770 (16 882 to 18 766) | 0·14 (0·13 to 0·15) | 14 918 (14 143 to 15 761) | 17 581 (16 745 to 18 503) | 0·15 (0·14 to 0·16) | −2·2% (−3·0 to −1·4) | −1·1% (−2·0 to −0·2) |
| Nutritional deficiencies | 28 066 (27 246 to 28 935) | 31 354 (30 605 to 32 153) | 0·11 (0·09 to 0·12) | 23 473 (22 648 to 24 309) | 26 059 (25 332 to 26 864) | 0·10 (0·08 to 0·11) | −16·4% (−18·0 to −14·6) | −16·9% (−18·0 to −15·8) |
| Diabetes and kidney diseases | 10 920 (10 428 to 11 489) | 12 120 (11 558 to 12 743) | 0·10 (0·09 to 0·11) | 12 036 (11 453 to 12 688) | 13 044 (12 444 to 13 733) | 0·08 (0·07 to 0·09) | 10·2% (8·1 to 12·5) | 7·6% (5·6 to 9·6) |
| Enteric infections | 1115 (1043 to 1189) | 1216 (1141 to 1292) | 0·08 (0·07 to 0·09) | 1180 (1096 to 1261) | 1313 (1221 to 1405) | 0·10 (0·09 to 0·11) | 5·8% (2·8 to 9·1) | 8·0% (5·0 to 11·3) |
| Respiratory infections and tuberculosis | 33 220 (29 889 to 37 160) | 31 051 (27 950 to 34 713) | 0·07 (0·06 to 0·08) | 29 021 (26 238 to 32 454) | 27 301 (24 756 to 30 428) | 0·06 (0·06 to 0·07) | −12·6% (−14·2 to −11·0) | −12·1% (−13·5 to −10·7) |
| Mental disorders | 12 264 (11 533 to 13 003) | 13 237 (12 584 to 13 938) | 0·07 (0·05 to 0·10) | 12 010 (11 338 to 12 694) | 12 834 (12 214 to 13 494) | 0·06 (0·04 to 0·09) | −2·1% (−2·7 to −1·4) | −3·0% (−3·6 to −2·5) |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 6496 (6261 to 6744) | 6149 (5904 to 6414) | 0·06 (0·05 to 0·07) | 6253 (6031 to 6482) | 5939 (5716 to 6177) | 0·05 (0·04 to 0·06) | −3·8% (−4·4 to −3·1) | −3·4% (−4·1 to −2·7) |
| Chronic respiratory diseases | 7926 (7441 to 8420) | 8411 (7890 to 8935) | 0·06 (0·05 to 0·07) | 6731 (6248 to 7268) | 7267 (6742 to 7825) | 0·07 (0·06 to 0·09) | −15·1% (−17·7 to −12·5) | −13·6% (−16·0 to −11·3) |
| Skin and subcutaneous diseases | 25 139 (24 328 to 26 021) | 26 565 (25 776 to 27 407) | 0·05 (0·05 to 0·06) | 25 221 (24 454 to 26 042) | 26 592 (25 832 to 27 377) | 0·05 (0·05 to 0·06) | 0·3% (−0·4 to 1·0) | 0·1% (−0·5 to 0·6) |
| Other infectious diseases | 1574 (1497 to 1661) | 1633 (1563 to 1709) | 0·04 (0·01 to 0·07) | 1336 (1273 to 1404) | 1381 (1330 to 1437) | 0·03 (0·00 to 0·07) | −15·1% (−18·8 to −11·3) | −15·4% (−18·1 to −12·7) |
| Neglected tropical diseases and malaria | 29 748 (28 431 to 31 138) | 28 954 (27 613 to 30 320) | 0·03 (0·02 to 0·03) | 17 001 (16 259 to 17 864) | 16 834 (16 104 to 17 681) | 0·01 (0·00 to 0·02) | −42·8% (−46·3 to −38·7) | −41·9% (−45·5 to −37·6) |
| Sense organ diseases | 25 031 (24 477 to 25 581) | 25 473 (24 949 to 26 007) | 0·02 (0·01 to 0·02) | 24 868 (24 325 to 25 411) | 25 892 (25 375 to 26 438) | 0·04 (0·03 to 0·04) | −0·7% (−0·8 to −0·5) | 1·6% (1·4 to 1·9) |
Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. The relative difference for each of the 22 Level 2 causes between sexes were calculated using the values for females as the denominator. The causes are ranked by the value of the sex difference in 1990. All changes are significant.