Table 1.
Psychomotor performance and exercise parameters determined before (Term I) and after (Term II) 4-week supplementation with PL or RR (mean ± SD).
| Variable | PL (n = 13) |
RR (n = 13) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Term I | Term II | Term I | Term II | |
| Psychomotor performance | ||||
| Simple reaction | ||||
| Reaction time (A1; ms) | 240.4 ± 9.7 | 253.5 ± 11.4 | 247.8 ± 12.8 | 226.5 ± 8.3* |
| Movement time (A2; ms) | 97.3 ± 5.6 | 99.0 ± 6.3 | 109.3 ± 4.1 | 112.5 ± 7.8 |
| Total response time (A3; ms) | 337.6 ± 10.9 | 352.5 ± 15.1 | 357.1 ± 14.1 | 339.0 ± 13.3 |
| Choice reaction | ||||
| Number of correct responses (B1; n) | 251.3 ± 9.8 | 267.9 ± 9.5* | 232.5 ± 5.8 | 269.6 ± 9.5** |
| Number of incorrect responses (B2; n) | 43.9 ± 6.9 | 44.8 ± 6.1 | 59.2 ± 5.6 | 50.8 ± 4.0 |
| Response time (B3; s) | 0.708 ± 0.015 | 0.661 ± 0.011** | 0.712 ± 0.011 | 0.666 ± 0.016** |
| Exercise capacity | ||||
| LArest (mmol/L) | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 1.49 ± 0.09 | 1.44 ± 0.08 | 1.23 ± 0.07*,# |
| LAmax (mmol/L) | 14.25 ± 1.25 | 15.47 ± 1.24 | 14.25 ± 1.13 | 13.29 ± 0.89 |
| HRrest (beats/min) | 70 ± 4 | 72 ± 2 | 69 ± 2 | 68 ± 4 |
| HRmax (beats/min) | 190 ± 2 | 190 ± 3 | 183 ± 3 | 184 ± 3 |
| HRLT (beats/min) | 151 ± 4 | 147 ± 3 | 150 ± 4 | 144 ± 3 |
| Pmax (W) | 303.5 ± 15.9 | 290.5 ± 15.9* | 293.6 ± 13.5 | 307.5 ± 12.1 |
| PLT (W) | 165.6 ± 6.7 | 170.5 ± 6.5 | 172.0 ± 6.7 | 176.2 ± 6.2 |
| VO2peak (mL/kg/min) | 48.19 ± 1.97 | 47.33 ± 1.66 | 50.76 ± 1.95 | 49.37 ± 1.90 |
| TTE (s) | 789.1 ± 18.2 | 779.0 ± 22.8 | 800.0 ± 19.5 | 820.8 ± 28.0 |
Abbreviations: HRrest = heart rate at rest; HRmax = maximal heart rate; HRLT = heart rate at lactate threshold; LArest = blood lactate concentration at rest; LAmax = blood lactate concentration after an incremental cycloergometer test; Pmax = maximal power; PLT = power at lactate threshold; PL = placebo; RR = Rhodiola rosea; TTE = time to exhaustion; VO2peak = peak oxygen volume consumption.
⁎
p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared to Term I (within group), Wilcoxon test.
#
p < 0.05, compared with Term II in PL group, Mann–Whitney test.