Figure 4.

Polysiphonia japonica extract (PJE) protects against palmitate-induced β-cell dysfunction in mouse primary islets. Islets were incubated with the 5 μg/mL PJE for 1 h and then further incubated with or without 0.2 mM palmitate (PA) for 24 h. Thereafter, the islets were starved in 0.2 mM glucose-containing KRB buffer for 2 h. Insulin release was measured after further incubation with 3 mM glucose or 17 mM glucose by ELISA. Experiments were performed in triplicate. ^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗ p < 0.001; n.s.: no significance.