Figure 3.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and nitric oxide levels were measured after 4 days incubation at 5% and 20% oxygen (a)–(c). No significant differences in ROS levels between 5% and 20% oxygen samples were observed (a). hAMSCs from placental amnion showed significantly lower levels of intracellular ROS (a). Calculation of correlation coefficient showed a strong negative association (r = −0.9039) between intracellular ROS levels and phosphorylation-related respiration (b). Increased nitric oxide release was detected in cell culture supernatants of samples incubated at 20% oxygen (c). n = 5 (biological replicates), mean ± SD. Abbreviations: hAMSCs: human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RA: reflected amnion; P: placental amnion.