Table 3.
Crude and adjusted odds ratios for the association between epithelial ovarian cancer and benign gynecologic conditionsa stratified by histologic subtypes (serous vs. non-serous).
| Benign gynecologic condition | Histologic subtype | Cases (%) | Adjusted ORb | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endometriosis | ||||
| No | Serous | 362 (94.3) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 22 (5.7) | 1.29 | 0.71–2.35 | |
| No | Non-serous | 169 (86.2) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 27 (13.8) | 2.80 | 1.53–5.10 | |
| PID | ||||
| No | Serous | 351 (91.4) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 33 (8.6) | 1.65 | 0.98–2.79 | |
| No | Non-serous | 185 (94.4) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 11 (5.6) | 0.90 | 0.42–1.91 | |
| Fibroid | ||||
| No | Serous | 228 (59.4) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 156 (40.6) | 1.08 | 0.82–1.43 | |
| No | Non-serous | 109 (55.6) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 87 (44.4) | 1.22 | 0.85–1.75 | |
| Ovarian Cyst | ||||
| No | Serous | 335 (87.2) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 49 (12.8) | 1.16 | 0.76–1.75 | |
| No | Non-serous | 167 (85.2) | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 29 (14.8) | 1.13 | 0.68–1.90 | |
| # of gynecologic conditions | ||||
| 0 | Serous | 192 (50.0) | 1.00 | Referent |
| 1 | 138 (35.9) | 1.18 | 0.89–1.57 | |
| 2+ | 54 (14.1) | 1.51 | 1.00–2.29 | |
| p trend = 0.044 | ||||
| 0 | Non-serous | 91 (46.4) | 1.00 | Referent |
| 1 | 67 (34.2) | 1.20 | 0.82–1.75 | |
| 2+ | 38 (19.4) | 2.13 | 1.32–3.46 | |
| p trend = 0.004 | ||||
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; PID: pelvic inflammatory disease
a
Diagnosis made >1 year before ovarian cancer diagnosis or interview.
b
Fully adjusted model – adjusted for age at diagnosis (cases)/interview (control), study site, marital status, education, BMI, parity, tubal ligation, duration of oral contraceptive use, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, talc use, endometriosis, fibroid, PID, ovarian cyst. OR for # of gynecologic conditions not adjusted for endometriosis, fibroid, PID, ovarian cyst.