Table 4.
Crude and adjusted odds ratios for the association between epithelial ovarian cancer and benign gynecologic conditionsa stratified by oral contraceptive use.
| Benign gynecologic condition | Oral Contraceptive Use | Cases(%) | Control (%) | Adjusted ORb | 95% CI | P interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endometriosis | 0.450 | |||||
| No | OC Never Use | 180 (95.7) | 155 (98.1) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 8 (4.3) | 3 (1.9) | 1.45 | 0.34–6.31 | ||
| No | OC Ever Use | 371 (90.0) | 564 (95.0) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 41 (10.0) | 30 (5.1) | 1.92 | 1.13–3.24 | ||
| PID | 0.197 | |||||
| No | OC Never Use | 176 (93.6) | 153 (96.8) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 12 (6.4) | 5 (3.2) | 1.87 | 0.59–5.95 | ||
| No | OC Ever Use | 380 (92.2) | 564 (95.0) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 32 (7.8) | 30 (5.1) | 1.31 | 0.76–2.26 | ||
| Fibroid | 0.703 | |||||
| No | OC Never Use | 118 (62.8) | 116 (73.4) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 70 (37.2) | 42 (26.6) | 1.23 | 0.73–2.06 | ||
| No | OC Ever Use | 232 (56.3) | 361 (60.8) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 180 (43.7) | 233 (39.2) | 1.06 | 0.80–1.40 | ||
| Ovarian Cyst | 0.127 | |||||
| No | OC Never Use | 160 (85.1) | 146 (92.4) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 28 (14.9) | 12 (7.6) | 1.88 | 0.84–4.20 | ||
| No | OC Ever Use | 360 (87.4) | 522 (87.9) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 52 (12.6) | 72 (12.1) | 1.00 | 0.66–1.51 | ||
| # of gynecologic conditions | 0.483 | |||||
| 0 | OC Never Use | 104 (55.3) | 108 (68.4) | 1.00 | Referent | |
| 1 | 57 (30.3) | 39 (24.7) | 1.38 | 0.81–2.33 | ||
| 2+ | 27 (14.4) | 11 (7.0) | 2.36 | 1.07–5.19 | ||
| p trend = 0.024 | ||||||
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; dz.: disease, PID: pelvic inflammatory disease
a
Diagnosis made >1 year before ovarian cancer diagnosis or interview.
b
Fully adjusted model – adjusted for age at diagnosis (cases)/interview (control), study site, marital status, education, BMI, parity, tubal ligation, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, talc use, endometriosis, fibroid, PID, ovarian cyst. OR for # of gynecologic conditions not adjusted for endometriosis, fibroid, PID, ovarian cyst.