Table 2.
Putative impact of miRNAs on neuronal migration and neuronal morphogenesis in the context of adult neurogenesis.
| MicroRNA | Main model system | Observed main effect | miRNA regulator | Target mRNA | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-15a | Floxed Mecp2 mice, DG retroviral grafting of Cre-GFP/miR-15a sponge, primary neonatal cortical/hippocampal neurons | miR-15a impairs dendrite maturation, miR-15a inhibition rescues Mecp2-deficiency-induced neuronal maturation deficits | MECP2 | Bdnf | Gao et al., 2015 |
| miR-19 | Mouse primary adult DG NSCs, DG and SVZ retroviral injection | miR-19 promotes migration of neurons | Rapgef2 | Han et al., 2016 | |
| miR-124 | Rat primary embryonic hippocampal neurons | miR-124 increases axonal and dendrite complexity | Rhog | Franke et al., 2012 | |
| miR-132 | Rat primary neonatal cortical neurons | CREB induces miR-132 expression downstream of BDNF, miR-132 promotes neurite outgrowth | CREB | p250Gap (Arhgap32) | Vo et al., 2005 |
| Rat primary neonatal cortical neurons | miR-132 and MECP2 form a feedback mechanism via BDNF | BDNF via CREB | Mecp2 | Klein et al., 2007 | |
| Rat primary neonatal hippocampal neurons | miR-132 promotes dendrite growth and spine maturation | p250Gap (Arhgap32) | Wayman et al., 2008 | ||
| Floxed miR-213/132 mice and GFP-Cre DG retroviral injection | Deletion of miR-132 decreases dendrite length and arborization | Magill et al., 2010 | |||
| miR-134 | Rat primary embryonic cortical/hippocampal neurons | miR-134 decreases size of dendritic spines | BDNF (indirect effect) | Limk1 | Schratt et al., 2006 |
| Sirt1 KO/Nestin-Cre mice, adult hippocampal lentiviral injection | miR-134 knockdown rescues Sirt1-deficiency-induced LTP and memory defects | SIRT1 | Creb | Gao et al., 2010 | |
| Mecp2 KO/OE mice, mouse primary embryonic cortical neurons | Mecp2 OE inhibits dendrite growth and pri-miR-134 processing; miR-134 OE rescues dendrite growth defect | MECP2 | Cheng T.-L. et al., 2014 | ||
| miR-134 part of miR-379-410 cluster | Rat primary embryonic cortical/hippocampal neurons | miR-379-410 expression is regulated by neuronal activity via MEF2; miR-134 promotes dendrite outgrowth | MEF2 | Pum2 | Fiore et al., 2009 |
| miR-137 | Mouse DG retroviral injection, primary embryonic hippocampal neurons | miR-137 OE inhibits dendrite morphogenesis | Mib1 | Smrt et al., 2010 | |
| miR-138 | Rat primary embryonic cortical/hippocampal neurons | miR-138 decreases size of dendritic spines | Apt1 | Siegel et al., 2009 | |
| miR-223 | Retroviral injection of miR-223 sponge into mouse DG, miR-223 OE in human fetal NPCs | miR-223 inhibits dendrite outgrowth | Harraz et al., 2014 | ||
List of the miRNAs (in ascending numerical order) and their respective up-stream regulators and target mRNAs associated with regulating neuron migration and morphogenesis during neurogenesis. Findings directly related to adult neurogenesis are highlighted in bold. DG, dentate gyrus; KO, knockout; LTP, long-term potentiation; NSC, neural stem cells; OE, overexpression; SVZ, subventricular zone.