Fig. 6.

Exendin-4 (Ex4) and Ex4 + oleoylethanolamide (OEA) transiently reduce 24-h food intake and increase energy expenditure (EE)/resting metabolic rate (RMR). Components of energy balance [food intake, EE, locomotor activity, and respiratory quotient (RQ)] were measured in male, diet-induced obese, C57BL/6J mice with a PromethION metabolic cage system preceding (Pre) and during chronic treatment (7 days, intraperitoneal injection, twice a day) with vehicle, OEA (5 mg/kg), Ex4 (100 µg/kg), or Ex4+OEA. A and B: 24-h averages of food intake (kcal; A) and EE (kcal; B) as well as 7-day averages (Insets) were measured. *vs. vehicle within day (P < 0.05). C: comparison of raw EE in the first 24 h of treatment (day 1) and the final 24 h of treatment (day 7). †Day 1 vs. day 7 within treatment group (P < 0.05). D: analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)-adjusted (covariate: lean mass) EE during the final 24 h of treatment [day 7: light (12 h) and dark (12 h) periods]. #vs. vehicle (P < 0.05). E: ANCOVA-adjusted (covariate: lean mass) RMR during the final 24 h (day 7) of treatment. RMR was calculated as the mean EE (kcal/h) during the 30 min of lowest activity over a 24-h period. #vs. vehicle (P < 0.05). F and G: 24-h averages of RQ (F) and locomotor activity (G) were collected by CO₂-to-O₂ ratio and beam break, respectively. *vs. vehicle within day (P < 0.05). All values reflect the means ± SE (n = 9–12). d, Days; Veh, vehicle.