Table 2.
Outcome variables at baseline and 12 wk for participants exercising to expend 1,500 or 3,000 kcal/wk for 12 wk
| 1,500 kcal/wk |
3,000 kcal/wk |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 12 wk | Adjusted group change (95% CI) | Baseline | 12 wk | Adjusted group change (95% CI) | |
| Weight, kg | 83.6 ± 3.6 | 82.4 ± 3.4 | –1.3 (–2.6, 0.1) | 85.0 ± 3.8 | 82.3 ± 3.8 | –2.6 (–3.9, –1.4)* |
| FFM, kg | 50.1 ± 2.8 | 49.8 ± 2.7 | –0.4 (–1.0, 0.3) | 49.8 ± 2.8 | 49.7 ± 2.7 | –0.1 (–0.8, 0.6) |
| FM,† kg | 30.4 ± 2.4 | 29.6 ± 2.3 | –0.9 (–2.1, 0.4) | 32.0 ± 2.1 | 29.3 ± 2.2 | –2.6 (–3.8, –1.4)* |
| %Body fat† | 36.3 ± 2.3 | 35.9 ± 2.2 | –0.4 (–1.6, 0.7) | 37.6 ± 1.9 | 35.5 ± 2.0 | –2.2 (–3.2, –1.1)* |
| RMR, kcal/day | 1,909 ± 110 | 1,874 ± 105 | –32 (–115, 51) | 1,866 ± 86 | 1,808 ± 76 | –61 (–141, 19) |
| TEE, kcal·kg FFM−1·day−1 | 51.0 ± 1.8 | 52.2 ± 2.1 | 0.9 (–2.8, 4.7) | 52.5 ± 2.3 | 51.1 ± 2.5 | –1.3 (–4.9, 2.3) |
| Food reinforcement | 24.9 ± 6.2 | 10.9 ± 3.3 | –17.6 (–26.4, –8.9)* | 32.0 ± 8.5 | 14.7 ± 4.7 | –13.9 (–22.4, –5.5)* |
| Energy intake, kcal/day | 2,188 ± 148 | 2,035 ± 144 | –278 (–567, 11) | 2,476 ± 228 | 2,034 ± 131 | –324 (–603, –45)* |
| %kcal | ||||||
| Protein | 14.4 ± 0.7 | 14.7 ± 0.8 | 0.17 (–2.2, 2.5) | 15.4 ± 0.6 | 17.5 ± 1.3 | 2.4 (0.2, 4.7)* |
| Fat† | 36.3 ± 1.8 | 40.0 ± 1.3 | 3.0 (0.3, 5.6)* | 38.3 ± 0.8 | 35.4 ± 1.3 | –2.2 (–4.7, 0.4) |
| Carbohydrate | 49.6 ± 2.5 | 44.6 ± 2.1 | –4.1 (–8.1, –0.2)* | 46.1 ± 1.1 | 47.6 ± 2.1 | 0.73 (–3.1, 4.5) |
Values are means ± SE. Only results from participants who completed the intervention and all assessments (n = 29) are included. Food reinforcement, Pmax, the last schedule of reinforcement completed for access to the most-liked test food; energy intake, average intake across 3 days from ASA24 recall. CI, confidence interval; FFM, fat-free mass; FM, fat mass; RMR, resting metabolic rate; TEE, total energy expenditure. Change score (adjusted group change) data are adjusted for baseline values.
*
Different from zero (P < 0.05).
†
Change scores differ between groups (P < 0.05).