Table 1.
Echocardiographic measurements of LV function and volumes
| Vehicle |
5-Amino-4-Imidazole Carboxamide Riboside |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echocardiographic Parameters and Units | Baseline | After sepsis | Baseline | After sepsis |
| Young group | ||||
| Ejection fraction, % | 60.9 ± 2.6 | 38.5 ± 10.0* | 57.9 ± 3.0 | 54.9 ± 5.2 |
| Fractional shortening, % | 32.3 ± 1.8 | 19.3 ± 6.0* | 30.5 ± 2.0 | 28.2 ± 3.4 |
| IVSd, mm | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 1.20 ± 0.13* | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 1.01 ± 0.05 |
| IVSs, mm | 1.45 ± 0.03 | 1.39 ± 0.12 | 1.34 ± 0.07 | 1.49 ± 0.06 |
| LVIDd, mm | 4.05 ± 0.17 | 3.15 ± 0.24* | 4.33 ± 0.08 | 3.67 ± 0.25* |
| LVIDs, mm | 2.75 ± 0.16 | 2.54 ± 0.29 | 2.95 ± 0.13 | 2.62 ± 0.17 |
| LVPWd, mm | 0.94 ± 0.09 | 1.03 ± 0.15 | 0.85 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.05 |
| LVPWs, mm | 1.31 ± 0.07 | 1.32 ± 0.15 | 1.20 ± 0.05 | 1.34 ± 0.08 |
| LV Vol d, µl | 73.4 ± 7.1 | 41.2 ± 6.7* | 84.7 ± 3.9 | 58.6 ± 10.3* |
| LV Vol s, µl | 29.3 ± 3.9 | 25.9 ± 6.6 | 35.9 ± 3.6 | 25.7 ± 3.7 |
| SV, µl | 44.1 ± 3.8 | 15.3 ± 4.6* | 48.8 ± 2.6 | 32.8 ± 6.7*† |
| HR, beats/min | 436 ± 18 | 255 ± 38* | 494 ± 23 | 266 ± 45* |
| CO, ml/min | 19 ± 2 | 5 ± 2* | 24 ± 2 | 10 ± 4* |
| Body weight, g | 29.3 ± 1.5 | ND | 29.8 ± 1.1 | ND |
| Mature group | ||||
| Ejection fraction, % | 48.8 ± 2.6‡ | 49.9 ± 6.8 | 49.5 ± 2.0‡ | 38.6 ± 6.2‡ |
| Fractional shortening, % | 24.6 ± 1.5‡ | 25.9 ± 4.3 | 24.5 ± 1.1‡ | 18.9 ± 3.5‡ |
| IVSd, mm | 0.93 ± 0.05 | 1.03 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.04 | 1.13 ± 0.09* |
| IVSs, mm | 1.41 ± 0.06 | 1.32 ± 0.10 | 1.40 ± 0.04 | 1.51 ± 0.08 |
| LVIDd, mm | 4.31 ± 0.11 | 3.70 ± 0.30* | 4.34 ± 0.14 | 3.61 ± 0.31* |
| LVIDs, mm | 3.29 ± 0.13‡ | 2.87 ± 0.32 | 3.26 ± 0.12 | 2.94 ± 0.31 |
| LVPWd, mm | 0.89 ± 0.04 | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.01 | 1.06 ± 0.07 |
| LVPWs, mm | 1.22 ± 0.07 | 1.24 ± 0.07 | 1.26 ± 0.04 | 1.29 ± 0.07 |
| LV Vol d, µl | 87.0 ± 5.8 | 62.1 ± 11.5* | 85.9 ± 6.6 | 58.4 ± 12.1* |
| LV Vol s, µl | 45.8 ± 4.9 | 33.1 ± 8.9 | 43.5 ± 4.1 | 36.9 ± 9.2 |
| SV, µl | 41.2 ± 2.4 | 29.0 ± 6.1* | 42.4 ± 3.2 | 21.5 ± 4.8* |
| HR, beats/min | 472 ± 17 | 402 ± 43 | 486 ± 29 | 275 ± 43*† |
| CO, ml/min | 20 ± 2 | 14 ± 3 | 20 ± 2 | 6 ± 4*† |
| Body weight, g | 35.2 ± 1.0 | ND | 35.1 ± 1.3 | ND |
Data are means ± SE of 8 mice/group. IVSd and IVSs, intraventricular septum dimension at diastole and systole; LVIDd and LVIDs, left ventricular (LV) internal dimensions at diastole and systole; LVPWd, LV posterior wall dimension at diastole and systole; LV Vol d and LV Vol s, LV volume at diastole and systole; SV, stroke volume; HR, heart rate; CO, cardiac output; ND, not determined. The body weight of each mouse was recorded before cardiac examination and before the cecal ligation and puncture procedure.
P < 0.05 vs. baseline of the same age group;
P < 0.05 vs. sepsis with vehicle treatment of the same age group;
P < 0.05 vs. young mice as determined by ANOVA with Student-Newman-Keuls correction.