Figure 3.

Mitochondrial capacity data represented as mean ± SD. “G” = group effect p-value, “T” = time effect p-value, “G×T” = group × time interaction p-value, “d” = Cohen's d-value. The left plot represents mitochondrial capacity (rate constant, min⁻¹) in the placebo (PLA) and protein (PRO) groups at Pre (black bars) and Post (gray bars). A time effect (Post>Pre; p = 0.063) approached significance. The right plot represents individual participant data points for each group from Pre (circle) to Post (square).