Table 2.

Alternative approaches to calculating DALYs averted

		DALY 1	DALY 2	DALY 3	DALY 4
Survival effects (YLLs averted)		Based on indirectly estimating effects on survival from mortality (A).	Directly estimated (D).		Directly estimated (G).
Morbidity effects (YLDs averted)	Direct effect	Uses indirectly estimated effects on survival from mortality as a surrogate for morbidity effects (B).	Uses directly estimated survival effects as a surrogate for morbidity effects (E).	Directly estimated (F).
	Indirect effect	Uses average overall population health as a surrogate for increase in YLD burden associated with increase in YLLs averted (C).

DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; YLDs, years of life disabled; YLLs, years of life lost.