Table 2.
Changes in service utilization by type of service, by time (1 year) and group difference (n=92).
| Claim typea and visits | UCb (n=28), mean (SD) | COc (n=17), mean (SD) | CPPd (n=13), mean (SD) | CPDSe (n=34), mean (SD) | Group time, P value | |
| Physician office visits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 10.00 (6.74) | 10.00 (7.81) | 7.79 (7.83) | 10.45 (7.06) | — |
|
|
Study year | 4.91 (4.43) | 6.20 (5.36) | 4.08 (4.98) | 7.76 (5.35) | — |
|
|
Increment | −5.09 (5.77) | −3.75 (6.64) | −4.11 (4.22) | −2.68 (5.91) | .01 f |
| General practitioner visits |
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Previous year | 5.29 (3.63) | 4.75 (3.21) | 5.36 (5.18) | 5.72 (4.09) | — |
|
|
Study year | 2.44 (2.62) | 2.60 (2.40) | 2.33 (2.61) | 4.34 (3.62) | — |
|
|
Increment | −2.84 (3.95) | −2.19 (2.37) | −3.39 (3.95) | −1.38 (2.74) | .02 |
| Cardiologist visits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 0.40 (1.09) | 0.69 (2.27) | 0.31 (1.11) | 0.44 (1.05) | — |
|
|
Study year | 0.14 (0.59) | 0.53 (1.12) | 0.17 (0.39) | 0.41 (1.02) | — |
|
|
Increment | −0.26 (0.62) | −0.13 (2.22) | −0.17 (0.94) | −0.03 (1.29) | .54 |
| Other outpatient services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 6.99 (12.71) | 2.00 (3.18) | 2.49 (7.17) | 3.93 (7.47) | — |
|
|
Study year | 3.61 (5.28) | 1.00 (1.54) | 2.92 (4.17) | 4.27 (8.32) | — |
|
|
Increment | −3.38 (10.34) | −0.94 (3.17) | +0.22 (2.64) | +0.35 (7.58) | .001 |
| Lab claims |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 4.17 (3.71) | 3.31 (2.18) | 2.77 (2.23) | 4.61 (2.96) | — |
|
|
Study year | 2.15 (2.00) | 2.30 (2.66) | 1.67 (1.61) | 4.20 (3.27) | — |
|
|
Increment | −2.02 (3.70) | −0.94 (3.28) | −1.17 (1.98) | −0.41 (2.96) | .09 |
| Prescription claims |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 11.88 (32.80) | 3.19 (8.01) | 25.95 (76.71) | 7.97 (19.93) | — |
|
|
Study year | 19.28 (48.14) | 29.03 (51.10) | 25.92 (60.94) | 50.93 (102.04) | — |
|
|
Increment | +7.39 (20.90) | +15.25 (25.80) | −2.19 (38.51) | +42.95 (84.66) | <.001 |
| Ophthalmologist visit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 0.11 (0.42) | 0 (0) | 0.08 (0.28) | 0.12 (0.33) | — |
|
|
Study year | 0.18 (0.77) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.15 (0.50) | — |
|
|
Increment | +0.07 (0.47) | 0 (0) | −0.08 (0.29) | +0.03 (0.39) | .67 |
| Podiatrist visit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous year | 0.57 (1.43) | 1.50 (2.88) | 0 (0) | 0.37 (1.2) | — |
|
|
Study year | 0.46 (1.23) | 0.59 (1.58) | 0.08 (0.29) | 0.85 (1.44) | — |
|
|
Increment | −0.11 (1.20) | −0.88 (2.13) | +0.08 (0.29) | +0.48 (1.67) | .04 |
aData source: claims data.
bUC: usual care.
cCO: coaching only.
dCPP: coaching and patient care provider portal.
eCPDS: coaching and patient care provider portal with decision support.
fAll italicized values indicate statistical significance, P<.05