Table 4.
Gain and loss framing in apps with persuasive health messages. Table does not include apps that provided instructional content only (n=14).
| App name | Total messages, N | Gain framed, n (%) | Loss framed, n (%) | Neutral framed, n (%) |
| MySmile | 22 | 0 (0) | 9 (41) | 13 (59) |
| Do I Grind | 21 | 3 (14) | 11 (52) | 7 (33) |
| Delta Dental | 81 | 8 (10) | 30 (37) | 43 (53) |
| Bad Breath | 159 | 31 (20) | 46 (29) | 82 (52) |
| United Concordia Dental Mobile | 113 | 7 (6) | 18 (16) | 89 (79) |
| Bad Breath Guide | 352 | 48 (14) | 74 (21) | 220 (63) |
| Brushing and Whitening Teeth | 424 | 9 (2) | 16 (4) | 98 (23) |
| Dental Desk | 172 | 6 (4) | 16 (9) | 154 (90) |
| FoodForTeetha | 499 | 50 (10) | 73 (15) | 377 (76) |
| My Dental Care | 691 | 45 (7) | 70 (10) | 576 (83) |
| DentAdvisor: Oral Care Expert | 909 | 42 (5) | 77 (9) | 777 (86) |
| QuickBrush Toothbrush Timer | 13 | 1 (8) | 1 (8) | 11 (85) |
| Brush DJ | 19 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 19 (100) |
| Dental Care | 430 | 69 (16) | 65 (15) | 295 (69) |
| Dental Care—Target Smile | 48 | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 47 (98) |
| Moment of Tooth | 21 | 8 (38) | 5 (24) | 8 (38) |
| Let’s Brush Free | 21 | 5 (24) | 0 (0) | 16 (76) |
| Philips Sonicare | 11 | 8 (73) | 1 (9) | 2 (18) |
| Oral-B App | 23 | 18 (78) | 2 (9) | 3 (13) |
aFull app name: FoodForTeeth—Food Database and Diet Diary.