Table 1.

Ten definitions of eHealth literacy from the research literature (2006-2017).

Article	Author	Year	Definition
1	Norman & Skinner [14]	2006	The ability to seek out, find, understand and appraise, integrate, and apply what is gained in electronic environments toward solving a health problem. [pg 2]
2	Bodie & Dutta [23]	2008	…not just the ability to use the internet to find answers to health-related questions; it also entails the ability to understand the information found, evaluate the veracity of the information, discern the quality of different websites, and use the quality information to make informed decisions about health. [pg 193]
3	Chan & Kaufman [25]	2011	A set of skills and knowledge that are essential for productive interactions with technology-based health tools, such as proficiency in information retrieval strategies, and communicating health concepts effectively. [pg 2]
4	Norman [17]	2011	A foundational skill set that underpins the use of information and communication technologies for health. [pg 1]
5	Neter & Brainin [24]	2012	The ability of people to use emerging information and communication technologies to improve or enable health and health care. [pg 1]
6	Paek & Hove [27]	2012	…a hybrid of two other concepts, eHealth and health literacy, [in which] skills must be appropriate for the informational text people need to understand in their efforts to treat various health concerns. [pg 728]
7	Werts & Hutton-Rogers [29]	2013	The ability to gather and appropriately process health information retrieved online. [pg 115]
8	Gilstad [26]	2014	The ability to identify and define a health problem, to communicate, seek, understand, appraise, and apply eHealth information and welfare technologiesain the cultural, social and situational frame and to use the knowledge critically in order to solve the health problem. [pg 69]
9	Bautista [16]	2015	The interplay of individual and social factors in the use of digital technologies to search, acquire, comprehend, appraise, communicate, and apply health information in all contexts of health care with the goal of maintaining or improve the quality of life throughout the lifespan. [pg 43]
10	Griebel et al [19]	2017	…a dynamic and context-specific set of individual and social factors, as well as consideration of technological constraints in the use of digital technologies to search, acquire, comprehend, appraise, communicate, apply, and create health information in all contexts of health care with the goal of maintaining or improving the quality of life throughout the lifespan. [pg 10]

^aWelfare technologies: “strengthen a users’ independence, safety, control of surroundings, independent living and social activities, independent of age and disabilities” (pg 344) [28].