Table 2.
Raw mean (SD) values of individual measures in the younger and older cohorts
| Younger cohorts | p -value | Older cohorts | p -value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n = 21) | Controls (n = 14) | Patients (n = 37) | Controls (n = 20) | |||
| Age | 23.41 (4.34) | 23.36 (3.61) | 0.97 | 43.35 (12.91) | 43.59 (12.46) | 0.95 |
| Sex (M:F) | 16:5 | 9:5 | 0.47 | 25:12 | 11:9 | 0.39 |
| Cardiovascular | ||||||
| Resting SBP (mmHg) | 109.12 (10.37) | 111.36 (11.29) | 0.21 | 114.86 (12.35) | 118.18 (13.69) | 0.25 |
| Resting DBP (mmHg) | 66.02 (7.92) | 69.57 (6.72) | 0.12 | 74.85 (8.26) | 72.49 (10.40) | 0.46 |
| Resting heart rate (beats per minute) | 72.79 (14.19) | 69.43 (8.04) | 0.30 | 81.55 (17.48) | 66.46 (11.47) | 0.002 |
| Metabolic – lipids | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.05 (4.64) | 26.56 (6.55) | 0.57 | 30.22 (6.72) | 28.31 (4.46) | 0.23 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.88 (0.07) | 0.85 (0.06) | 0.13 | 0.98 (0.23) | 0.90 (0.08) | 0.14 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 52.05 (15.77) | 52.43 (13.04) | 0.94 | 52.57 (25.53) | 57.28 (18.29) | 0.51 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 184.00 (38.87) | 152.57 (38.04) | 0.01 | 167.35 (33.49) | 198.50 (39.43) | 0.005 |
| Metabolic - glucose metabolism | ||||||
| Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) | 5.37 (0.25) | 5.39 (0.19) | 0.99 | 6.04 (1.19) | 5.58 (0.27) | 0.08 |
| Inflammation | ||||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.27 (4.68) | 1.71 (2.59) | 0.06 | 4.39 (4.69) | 1.55 (1.65) | 0.02 |
| Sympathetic nervous system | ||||||
| Urine epinephrine (ug/g creatine) | 4.95 (3.38) | 3.62 (2.82) | 0.21 | 5.04 (3.59) | 3.78 (2.45) | 0.13 |
| Urine norepinephreine (ug/g creatine) | 26.13 (14.31) | 21.33 (7.98) | 0.32 | 46.48 (28.26) | 25.88 (14.67) | 0.004 |
| HPA axis | ||||||
| Urine cortisol (ug/g creatine) | 10.47 (7.14) | 11.27 (4.14) | 0.67 | 12.91 (9.55) | 21.64 (22.47) | 0.10 |
| Blood DHEA (ug/dL) | 334.98(154.78) | 289.78 (177.94) | 0.62 | 219.16 (119.69) | 208.89 (155.24) | 0.87 |
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index, HDL high-density lipoprotein, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, CRP C- reactive protein, HPA hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone
Data in this table are raw values of each measure. Allostatic load was calculated as categorical data based on the 75% (25% for HDL cholesterol and dehydroepiandrosterone) cutoff for normality calculated by the values of the age-matched controls. Statistics given in the table was based on the categorical data