Fig. 6. HKL stimulates AMPK-PGC-1α-SIRT3 signaling pathway in rat NPCs.

a–d Following HKL administration, the expressions of p-AMPK, AMPK, PGC-1α, and SIRT3 were measured by Western blotting. e–h NPCs were pretreated with HKL (10 μM) for 24 h and then treated with or without Compound C, the selected AMPK inhibitor at 2.5 μM for an additional 4 h. Cell lysate was harvested to detect the expression levels of p-AMPK, AMPK, PGC-1α, and SIRT3 by Western blotting. i–k After 24 h post-transfection with control siRNA and PGC-1α siRNA, cells were pretreated with HKL at 10 μM for 24 h. All experiments were performed in duplicate, and data are reported as the mean ± SD. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01