Fig. 5.

HEV-1 replication is associated with a decrease in type III interferon levels. a, b Type I/II and type III interferon secretion from explants established from either decidua a or placenta b, measured by cytometric bead array in culture supernatants 2 days after infection with HEV-1 (red) or HEV-3 (cyan). Black bars represent mock-infected tissues. Data represent mean values ± S.E.M. of six independent donors. * denotes a statistical comparisons made between HEV-1 and HEV-3 infected tissue, and # represents a statistical comparison between mock-infected and HEV-1 or HEV-3 infected tissue. */#P < 0.05; **/##P < 0.01. c, d Correlation between IFN-λ1, or IFN-λ2/3 secretion and viral production in the decidua c and placenta d 2 days after HEV-1 infection. Black and red points represent mock-, and HEV-1-infected tissues, respectively. The Spearman’s rank correlation test P-value and R-coefficient are indicated in each graph. e, f Kinetics of HEV virus production from explants established from the decidua e and placenta f, infected with HEV-1. After infection, tissues were left untreated (CTRL, in red), treated with IFN-λ1 (100 ng/mL, in black) or treated with IFN-λ2 (100 ng/mL, in white). RNA levels were then measured in tissue culture supernatants by RT-qPCR. Data represent means values ± S.E.M. of three independent donors. * denotes a statistical comparison between CTRL- and IFN-λ2-treated infected tissues. # denotes a statistical comparison between CTRL- and IFN-λ1-treated infected tissues. ***/###P < 0.001 by repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test a, b and two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test e, f