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. 2018 Nov 12;8:16673. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34898-3

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Absorbance and photothermal transduction efficiency. (a) Absorbance spectra of Toco-Photoxil tuned at 750 nm (narrow) and 915 nm (broad). (b) Absorbance spectra of FA-Toco-Photoxil showing peak due to FA and Toco-Photoxil. (c) Absorbance spectra of IR780 attached Toco-Photoxil and FA-Toco-Photoxil. (d,e) Photothermal transduction of Toco-Photoxil (750) & Toco-Photoxil (915) at various concentration and same low power setting of laser (~650 mW/cm²). (f) Temperature rise corresponding to laser irradiation on Toco-Photoxil (750), Toco-Photoxil (915), IR780-Toco-Photoxil, FA-Toco-Photoxil, IR780-FA-Toco-Photoxil, water, and PLGA NPs.