Figure 1.

Equimolar concentration of F10 induces increased replication stress compared to 5-FU.

(A) HCT-116 cells were treated with similar concentration of F10 and 5-FU followed by CldU and IdU incorporation. (B) DNA fiber images were captured and analyzed. (C) F10 (10 nM) reduces fork velocity significantly compared to 5-FU (10 nM). (D) F10 (10 nM) increases terminal forks significantly compared to 5-FU (10 nM). Statistical significance represented is in comparison with the control. (E) HCT-116 cells were exposed to F10 (10 μm) for 2 hours, and evaluation of replication stress–associated proteins shows increased expression of Rad51, increased phosphorylation of Chk1 and γH2AX, and increased ubiquitination of FANCD2.