Table 1.
Summaries of 11 selected articles for adaptive meta-analysis
| First author [RN] | Publication year | Treatment |
Placebo |
RR (95% CI) | Probiotics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | TD | n | TD | ||||
| de dios Pozo-Olano [6] | 1978 | 26 | 9 | 24 | 7 | 1.19 (0.52, 2.69) | L. acidophilus & L. bulgaricus |
| Black [10] | 1989 | 47 | 20 | 47 | 33 | 0.61 (0.41, 0.89) | Mixed |
| Kollaritsch [19] | 1989 | 1,148 | 437 | 712 | 321 | 0.84 (0.76, 0.94) | S. boulardii |
| Oksanen [7] | 1990 | 373 | 153 | 383 | 178 | 0.88 (0.75, 1.04) | L. rhamnosus GG |
| Kollaritsch [12] | 1993 | 655 | 208 | 361 | 141 | 0.81 (0.69, 0.96) | S. boulardii |
| Katelaris [8] | 1995 | 181 | 45 | 101 | 24 | 1.05 (0.68, 1.61) | L. acidophilus & L. fermentum |
| Hilton [9] | 1997 | 126 | 5 | 119 | 9 | 0.52 (0.18, 1.52) | L. rhamnosus GG |
| Briand [16] | 2006 | 79 | 30 | 72 | 22 | 1.24 (0.79, 1.95) | L. acidophilus |
| Drakoularakou [17] | 2010 | 81 | 19 | 78 | 30 | 0.61 (0.38, 0.99) | GO |
| Virk [3] | 2013 | 94 | 52 | 102 | 55 | 1.03 (0.79, 1.32) | Mixed |
| Hasle [18] | 2017 | 167 | 32 | 167 | 48 | 0.67 (0.45, 0.99) | GO |
RN, reference number; TD, travelers’ diarrhea; RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; L, Lactobacillus; S, Saccharomyces; GO, galacto-oligosaccharide.