Table 1.

Variables considered in multivariate community analysis and multiple regression of pond-scale SAV cover predictors.

Type	Variable abbreviation	Variable full	Unit	Proxya	SAV community (RDA)	SAV cover (multiple regression)
Abiotic
Physical–chemical	Cond	Conductivity	μS/cm	Cond	X∗	X
	O2	Oxygen concentration	mg O2/L	pH
	pH	pH		pH	X∗	X∗
Nutrients	DIN	Dissolved inorganic nitrogen	mg N/L	DIN	X	X
	NH4+	Ammonium	mg N/L	DIN
	NOx	Nitrate + nitrite	mg N/L	DIN
	SRP	Soluble reactive phosphorus	mg P/L	TP
	TP	Total phosphorus	mg P/L	TP	X	X
Physical	D	Depth	m	D	X	X
	SD	Secchi depth	m	SD/D
	SD/D	Secchi depth/depth		SD/D	X	X
Pond characteristics	TSB	Time since biomanipulation	years	TSB	X	X
Biotic
Phytoplankton	Chl a + phaeo	Chl a + phaeopigments	μg/L	Biovol
	Biovol	Biovolume	mm3/L	Biovol	X∗	X∗
Zooplankton	LCL	Large Cladocera length	mm	LCFR
	LCD	Large Cladocera density	n/L	LCFR
	LCFR	Large Cladocera filtering rate	mL/L/day	LCFR	X	X
Propagule bank	T_Charo	Top layer Charophyceae prop. density	n/L	T_Charo	X	X
	S_Charo	Sub layer Charophyceae prop. density	n/L	T_Charo
	T_Angio	Top layer Angiospermae prop. density	n/L	T_Angio	X∗	X
	S_Angio	Sub layer Angiospermae prop. density	n/L	T_Angio
	T_Shannon	Top layer Shannon H’	H’	T_Angio
	S_Shannon	Sub layer Shannon H’	H’	T_Angio
Macrophytes	MF_FM	Cover free-floating + floating-leaved macrophytes	%	MF_FM		X
Waterfowl	WF_Cold	Waterfowl cold period biomass density	kg/ha	WF_Cold	X	X
	WF_Spring	Waterfowl spring period biomass density	kg/ha	WF_Spring	X	X
	WF_Warm	Waterfowl warm period biomass density	kg/ha	WF_Warm	X∗	X∗

^aProxy: strongly correlated (r_s> 0.7) variable selected for multivariate and regression analyses. Original list has been reduced according to covariate structure, retaining key variables of interest (X). Asterisk, significant or relevant.