Physical activity (PA) |
Interventionist-led |
Promoting participation in moderate exercise [36]; assisting participation in exercise supported with VR technology [39, 40] |
Promoting participation in PA [28, 29]; providing strengthening exercises at workplace, graduating PA progression [30, 31]; practicing PA in groups [33]; inclusion of feasible, available, assessable, affordable, and likely effective outdoor activities that are time-limited and suitable for evaluation, replication, and implementation into mental health services [35] |
In leisure time/self-managed |
Providing access to exercise, e.g., with elastic bands [36] and VR technology [39, 40]; encouraging behavior changes by self-assessment of PA [37] |
Encouraging continued strengthening exercises and initiating aerobic exercises at home [30, 31] |
|
Relaxation techniques |
Interventionist-led |
Practicing progressive muscle relaxation [37] |
Use of relaxation techniques [32] |
In leisure time |
|
Encouraging home relaxation practice [32] |
|
Nutrition |
Dieting |
Encouraging behavior changes by self-assessment of additional fruit and vegetable consumption [37] |
Encouraging calorie reduction [28, 29]; composing individual dietary plan based on the Danish dietary recommendations, dietary records, and identification of dietary preferences, using evidence-based guidelines for calorie reductions [30, 31]; using recommendations from the clinical guidelines in treatment of overweight and obesity in adults (USA) and encouraging proper fluid intake [33] |
Meal replacement and meal preparation |
|
In combination with identification of food preferences and ideas to preparation of favorite foods in a healthy way, moving from meal replacement to purchasing food at the grocery store [28, 29]; teaching to move from meal replacements to purchasing food at the grocery store, improving food purchasing habits and meal preparation techniques minimizing the need for extensive menu planning and cooking [33] |
Social eating |
Providing healthy meal experience as part of group sessions [36] |
Providing experiences in eating together [28, 29] and dining out [33] |
|
Cognitive techniques |
CBT elements |
Encouraging positive cognition [36] |
Using CBT elements in promoting health behavior changes at workplace, encouraging positive thinking [30, 31] |
Coping |
|
Reflecting dysfunctional attitudes and coping behaviors [30, 31]; instructing in coping techniques [32] |
Memory support |
Guidance in improving memory function with social support [37] |
Teaching compensatory strategies for cognitive impairments [28, 29], i.e., as part of psychiatric rehabilitation strategies [33] |
Motivational support |
Guidance in using social support to motivation, listing health benefits and motivational inspiration, repeating affirmations to oneself, and environment modifications [37]; making activity enjoyable [39]; positive role modelling [39] |
Using simplification of material, active learning, repetition, flexible methods of presenting information, visual aids and reinforces [33]; improvement of motivation, self-esteem, and sense of belonging [35] |
|
Disease-specific topics |
|
Mood and quality of life monitoring in postsurgical breast cancer survivors [32] |
Diabetes management in relation to hypoglycemia, sick days, medication, blood glucose testing, foot care, and psychological issues [38] |