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. 2018 Nov 6;9:1253. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01253

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Copyright © 2018 Zhang, Wang, Jia and Kong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A schematic diagram of the common mechanisms by which natural products reduce chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects. Natural products including crude extracts, bioactive components-enriched fractions, and pure compounds derived from herbs as well as herbal formulas can effectively reduce chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced side effects mainly due to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, some natural products can attenuate chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis by anti-infection, mitigate gastrointestinal toxicity by regulating gut microbiota, hepatotoxicity by protecting mitochondria, nephrotoxicity by modulating immunity, hematopoietic system injury by improving hematopoietic microenvironment, cardiotoxicity by balancing energy metabolism, and neurotoxicity by protecting nervous system.