Table 3. Fatty acid ester values from brown linseed oil extracted using subcritical propane, pressurized ethanol, organic solvent, and mechanical pressing (commercial sample).
| Experimental condition p/Pa t/°C |
Yield/% | Fatty acid ester | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linolenate (ω-3) | Linoleate (ω-6) | Oleate (ω-9) | ||
| Area/% | ||||
| Extraction with subcritical propane | ||||
| 8·106 20 | (26.9±1.0)a | (53.7±0.4)b | (13.1±0.7)a | (19.2±0.6)b |
| 8·106 60 | (27.6±1.0)a | (54.8 ±0.7)a | (12.3±0.1)a | (19.7±0.1)b |
| 107 40 | (28.1±1.0)a | (54.6±0.5)a | (12.0±0.3)a | (21.0±0.2)a |
| 1.2·107 20 | (27.1±1.0)a | (52.9±0.2)c | (12.8±0.4)a | (18.8±0.1)c |
| 1.2·107 60 | (28.3±1.0)a | (54.5±0.4)a | (11.7±0.7)a | (20.3±0.5)a,b |
| Extraction with pressurized ethanol | ||||
| 8·106 20 | (6.4±1.0)a | (52.4±1.0)a | (12.6±0.5)a | (18.3±1.6)a |
| 8·106 60 | (6.1±1.0)a | (51.1±0.3)a | (13.0±0.1)a | (22.2±2.3)a |
| 107 40 | (8.0±1.0)a | (51.2±0.2)a | (13.1±0.1)a | (18.6±1.4)a |
| 1.2·107 20 | (7.0±1.0)a | (53.4±2.0)a | (13.6±0.6)a | (18.7±1.2)a |
| 1.2·107 60 | (7.2±1.0)a | (49.8±1.6)a | (13.0±0.1)a | (21.9±2.0)a |
| Extraction with organic solvent | ||||
| 105 68 | 36.1 | 55.0±0.2 | 12.4±0.2 | 19.2±1.0 |
| Mechanical pressing | ||||
| * | 36.1 | 54.9±0.1 | 12.5±0.5 | 19.4±0.2 |
*Commercial sample. Same letters in columns in the same extraction method do not present any statistically significant difference according to the Tukey’s test (p<0.05)