Fig. 4.

Performance of the emergency medicine clinicians in the experiment. Each clinician read each radiograph first unaided (without the assistance of the model) and then aided (with the assistance of the model). The average clinician’s sensitivities were 80.8% (95% CI, 76.7–84.1%) unaided and 91.5% (95% CI, 89.3–92.9%) aided, and specificities were 87.5% (95% CI, 85.3–89.5%) unaided and 93.9% (95% CI, 92.9–94.9%) aided. The model operated at 93.9% sensitivity and 94.5% specificity (shown as the star) using a decision threshold set on the model development dataset.