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. 2018 Nov 12;8:59. doi: 10.1186/s13578-018-0255-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — The genomic organization of generalized CRISPR/Cas loci in Class 1, Type II and Class 2 systems, illustrated according to Ref. [8, 120, 121]. The organization contains CRISPR-Cas loci and domain architectures of the effector proteins. Compared to Class 2 systems, Type II Cas9 systems need tracrRNA. Except for Type VI-B, Type II, VA and VIA all have their own CRISPR/Cas genes. For subtype VI-B, the activity of the effector protein Cas13b could be repressed by Csx27 protein and enhanced by Csx28