Table 1.

Previous reports of crystalline podocytopathy and tubulopathy

Sex/age	Duration of onset to presentation	Clinical renal manifestation	Plasma cell dyscrasia	Glomerular pathology	Crystal distribution	IHC	Treatment	Prognosis
M/29 [12]	12 months	Recurrent proteinuria after two kidney allografts, PCR 6 g/g, SCr 2.3 mg/dl	MGUS→IgG-κ MM	Recurrent FSGS	Podocytes, proximal TEC	IF/IHC:Positive for κ in TEC, λ negative	Bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone	Lacking
F/66 [11]	During evaluation for back pain	SCr 1.7 mg/dl, Fanconi syndrome, albumin 29 g/L, PCR 3.11μg/mgCr	IgG-κ MM	Non-specific	Podocytes, MC, GEC, TEC, tubular lumen,histiocytes	IF:Positive for κ; negative for λ	Bortezomib, melphalan, prednisolone	Overall improvement in her myeloma related laboratory results
F/52 [10]	Routine health examination	Proteinuria 2.62 g/d, SCr 1.3 mg/dl	IgG-κ MM	FSGS	Podocytes, proximal TEC	IHC: κ positive in TEC, λ negative	Lacking	Lacking
M/45 [9]	Routine annual physical examination	SCr 1.85 mg/dl, proteinuria 7.925 g/d, glycosuria	IgG-κ MM	Collapsing FSGS	Podocytes,MC, TEC	IF/IHC: negative for κ and λ in crystal areas	Therapy, details lacking	2 m later, SCr 1.5 mg/dl, proteinuria 3.627 g/d
M/53 [15]	78 months of MGUS	SCr 1.3 mg/dl, proteinuria 1.18 g/d, albumin 38 g/L	IgG-κ MGUS	Foamy substance in podocytes	Podocytes and TEC	IF: κ TEC positive; λ negative	4 cycles of DF and lenalidomide	SCr returned to 1.0 mg/dl
F/54 [13]	24 months of MM, 19 months of proteinuria	SCr1.0 → 3.9 mg/dl(2 yrs), proteinuria0.3 → 14.4 g/d (2 yrs., pamidronate), albumin 29 g/L	IgG-κ MM	Collapsing FSGS and LCN	Proximal TECs, podocytes,tubular casts	IF: Negative for κ and λ;IHC: Positive for κ, negative for λ	DF, CYC, thalidomide, bortezomib, HCT	SCr 1.8 mg/dl
M/56 [8]	<  1 month	SCr1.2 → 9.2 mg/dl (3 m), proteinuria 5 g/L	IgG-κ MM	NA, ATN	Podocytes, TEC, interstitial macrophages, tubular lumen,BM, urine	IF: Negative for both κ and λ	Vincristine, doxorubicin, DF, HCT	SCr 6.3 mg/dl
F/46 [7]	Unknown	Renal dysfunction	IgG-κ MM	NA	Podocytes, TECs, Interstitial histiocytes	IF: Positive for IgG-κ	Chemotherapy followed by HCT	SCr↓, crystalline- containing podocyte ↓
M/51 [6]	6 months	Bence–Jones proteinuria 1.54 g/L, albumin 41.8 g/L	IgG-κ MM	Nonspecific	Podocytes, GEC, MC, TEC, Interstitial histiocytes,, MCs, hepatocytes and macrophages in liver	NA	Chemotherapy deferred due to lung carcinoma surgery	Died shortly after lung surgery due to multi- organ failure
F/52 [5]	60 months	SCr 1.8 → 2.0 mg/dl (5 yrs), Proteinuria 1.3 → 5 g/d(5 yrs), albumin 34 g/L	IgG-κ MM	3/5 G sclerosed	Podocytes, PEC, TEC, interstitial histiocytes	IF: Negative for κ and λ;IHC: Positive for κ, negative for λ	NA	NA
F/40 [14]	14 months	Proteinuria 14.3 g/d, albumin 30 g/L, SCr 1.8 mg/dl	IgG-κ MGUS	FSGS	Podocytes, PEC, distal TECs, tubular lumina, BM	IHC: Positive for κ, negative for λ	NA	NA
M/75 [4]	60 months of MM	Proteinuria;chronic renal failure	IgG-κ MM	NA	Podocytes, PEC, TEC, interstitial histiocytes, cornea, myeloma cell, choroid plexus	IHC: Positive for κ and γ	NA	NA
M/57 [3]	6 months	SCr 3.2 mg/dl, Proteinuria 2 g/d	IgG-κ MM	FSGS	Podocytes, MC, GEC, PEC, proximal TEC, histiocytes and fibroblasts in the interstitium, synovium and BM	IF: Negative	Cytoxan, carmustine and prednisone, discontinued due to complications	1.5 years later SCr 3.9 mg/dl, died due to cardiac arrest

Abbreviation: FSGS focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, MM multiple myeloma, MGUS monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, SCr serum creatinine, GEC glomerular endothelial cell, TEC tubular epithelial cell, MC mesangial cell, PEC parietal epithelial cell, BM bone marrow, NA not available, HCT autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, ATN acute tubular necrosis, DF dexamethasone, IHC immunohistochemistry, PCR protein/creatinine ratio, LCN light chain cast nephropathy