Table 4.

Panel linear regression model for examining the mediated effect

		Step 1a)	Step 2b)	Step 3b)
		MD	SHS	SHS
Sex	Male	1.01	−0.12***	−0.12***
Age		1.00	0.01***	0.01*
Marital status (single)	Married	0.85	0.11***	0.11***
	Etc	0.64*	0.10***	0.10***
Education (under elem.)	High school	1.50***	−0.14***	− 0.15***
	Over univ.	1.71***	−0.15***	− 0.16***
Household income (quantile 1)	Quantile 2	1.07	−0.03	−0.03
	Quantile 3	1.10	−0.07***	−0.07***
	Quantile 4	1.14	−0.09***	−0.09***
	Quantile 5	1.45**	−1.15***	−0.16***
Economic activity	Yes	0.79**	−0.04**	−0.04**
Insurance type	NHI	1.10	−0.27***	−0.28***
Disability	Yes	1.65***	0.30***	0.29***
MCD		1.25***	0.15***	0.15***
MD	Yes			0.09***

Note: ^a) OR, ^b) Adjusted β, ³⁾ *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001;

MCD Multimorbidity, SHS Subjective Health Status, MD Medical Device