Table 2.
Clinical efficacy of barberry
| Author (publication year) Country | Patient (number) | Study design | Intervention | Duration | Results Significant reduction (P<0.05) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lazavi et al (2018)43 Iran | Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=45) | Randomized clinical trial | 200 mL of barberry juice/day | 8 weeks | FBG, TC, blood pressure: both systolic and diastolic, TGs |
| Zilaee et al (2015)48 Iran | Subjects with metabolic syndrome (n=106) | Double-blind controlled trial | 200 mg (capsule) three times per day | 6 weeks | FBG, BMI, blood pressure: both systolic and diastolic |
| Iloon Kashkooli et al (2015)54 Iran | Patients with NAFLD (n=80), including 32 males and 48 females | Case and control | Case group received two capsules (750 mg) every day | 3 months | Weight, TGs and TC |
| Li et al (2015)55 China | Rat model of metabolic syndrome (n=20) | Randomized clinical trial | Case group received 50 mg/kg/day berberine | 16 weeks | p38 MAPK, ATF-2 and MMP-2 |
| Moazezi and Qujeq (2014)56 Iran | Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=30) | Double-blind controlled trial | 1 mg barberry extracts (capsule) two times per day | 8 weeks | FBG, HbA1c |
| Pérez-Rubio et al (2013)57 USA | Patients with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (n=24) | Double-blind controlled clinical trial | Twelve patients received 500 mg berberine three times daily and 12 patients received placebo | 3 months | Waist circumference, SBP, TGs and total insulin secretion |
| di Pierro et al (2012)18 Italy | Patients with suboptimal glycemic control (n=22) | Pilot clinical trial | An oral tablet containing 588 mg of Berberis aristata extract titered as 85% berberine and 105 mg of Silybum marianum extract titered as 60% flavonolignans | 90 days | HbA1c, TC, LDL-C, TGs, basal insulin, HOMA-R |
| Hu and Davies (2010)26 USA | Nine-week-old C57BL/6J male mice (n=36) | Randomized clinical trial | Group1: normal diet with 3 mg/kg/day berberine Group 2: subgroup 1: high-fat diet; subgroups 2–4: high-fat diet mice treated with 0.75, 1.5, 3 mg/kg/day berberine, respectively | 36 days | Weight gain and food intake, serum glucose, TG and TC. Also, downregulation of PPAR-γ expression and upregulation of GATA-3 expression |
| Ebrahimi-Mamaghani et al (2009)58 Iran | Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=57) | Randomized controlled clinical trial | – | 8 weeks | LDL-c and TC/HDL-c ratio |
| Yin et al (2009)34 China | Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=36) | Randomized clinical trial | 500 mg berberine three times daily | 3 months | HbA1c, FBG, postprandial blood glucose and TGs |
Abbreviations: ATF-2, activating transcription factor 2; BMI, body mass index; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-R: homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase 2; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; TC, total cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides.