Table 2.
Injury severity characteristics by mechanism of injury.^
| Road traffic accident: Driver or Passenger n = 32 |
Road traffic accident: Pedestrian n = 50 |
Fall n = 36 |
Assault n = 83 |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multi-system trauma | 12 (37.5) | 20 (40.0) | 5 (13.9) | 16 (19.3) | 0.02 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale at Arrival | |||||
| 12–15 | 15 (46.9) | 17 (34.0) | 15(41.7) | 60 (72.3) | <0.01 |
| 9–11 | 6 (18.8) | 12 (24.0) | 7 (19.4) | 14 (16.9) | |
| 8 or less | 10 (31.3) | 21 (42.0) | 11 (30.6) | 7 (8.4) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.3) | 2 (2.4) | |
| Abnormal Vital Signs | |||||
| SBP < 90 | 2 (6.3) | 4 (8.0) | 0 (0) | 5 (6.0) | 0.75 |
| RR > 20 | 10 (31.3) | 18 (36.0) | 11 (30.1) | 14 (16.9) | 0.05 |
| Hypoxia | 13 (40.6) | 13 (26.0) | 10 (27.8) | 6 (7.2) | <0.01 |
| HR > 100 | 7 (21.9) | 9 (18.0) | 7 (19.4) | 10 (12.1) | 0.95 |
| Revised Trauma Score** | |||||
| <4 | 0 (0) | 2 (5.3) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (1.9) | <0.01 |
| 4 | 5 (27.8) | 4 (10.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.9) | |
| 5 | 2 (11.1) | 10 (26.3) | 6 (28.6) | 3 (5.7) | |
| 6 or 7 | 11 (61.1) | 22 (57.9) | 14 (66.7) | 48 (90.6) | |
| CT Scan Diagnosis | |||||
| Skull Fracture | 5 (15.6) | 11 (22.0) | 11 (30.6) | 42 (50.6) | <0.01 |
| Basilar Fracture | 2 (6.3) | 3 (6.0) | 3 (8.3) | 5 (6.0) | 0.56 |
| Epidural Hematoma | 3 (9.4) | 4 (8.0) | 5 (13.9) | 25 (30.1) | 0.01 |
| Subdural Hematoma | 4 (12.5) | 10 (20.0) | 13 (36.1) | 9 (10.8) | 0.01 |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | 3 (9.4) | 4 (8.0) | 3 (8.3) | 3 (3.6) | 0.36 |
| Outcome | |||||
| Discharged | 19 (59.4) | 32 (64.0) | 29 (80.6) | 67 (80.7) | 0.03 |
| Death | 3 (9.4) | 9 (18.0) | 4 (11.1) | 4 (4.8) | |
| Transferred | 10 (31.3) | 9 (18.0) | 3 (8.3) | 12 (14.5) | |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; RR, respiratory rate; HR, heart rate; CT, Computed Tomography; ^. For 201 patients with known mechanism of injury; **, n = 130 patients with complete data for calculation of Revised Trauma Score.