Figure 3.

Representative Left Ventricular Pressure–Volume Relationships

Representative left ventricular pressure–volume relationships generated via acute preload reductions in conscious healthy dogs at baseline (BASE, black) and at 3 h following BMS-986231 (BMS) administration (50 μg/kg/min intravenously), both before (BMS, red) and after (BMS + HEX, blue) acute volume expansion. (A) Steady-state (pre-occlusion) pressure–volume curves of 1 cardiac cycle (inset, showing filling phase), demarcated by both the end-systolic (ESPVR) and by the estimated (linear) end-diastolic pressure–volume relationships (EDPVR). BMS-986231 decreased preload, and load-independently increased the end-systolic elastance (slope of the ESPVR). (B) Families used to generate the pressure–volume relationships (top and middle), as well as the stroke work (SW) to end-diastolic volume relationship (bottom), showing an increase in the slope of the PRSW (Mw) induced by BMS-986231. EDV = end-diastolic volume; HEX = Hextend (plasma volume-expanding solution); LVP = left ventricular pressure; LVV = left ventricular volume; PRSW = preload-recruitable stroke work.