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. 2018 Nov 9;15:44. doi: 10.1186/s12989-018-0281-1

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis of rat brains in the control, high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA), and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 1 μm (PM₁) groups (n = 9). The whole brain volume, hippocampal volume, and hippocampus to whole brain volume (%) were measured after 3 and 6 months of exposure. Whole brain volumes (nm³) of rats exposed to PM₁ for 3 months and to HEPA and PM₁ for 6 months were significantly larger than those of the control. Hippocampal brain volumes (nm³) of rats exposed to HEPA and PM₁ for 6 months were significantly larger than those of the control. * p < 0.05