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. 2018 May 8;39(43):3879–3892. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy249

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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Contractile force analysis in AT1-human engineered heart tissues. (A) Fibrin-based AT1-human engineered heart tissue attached to silicone posts (Bar = 1 mm). (B) Schematic contraction peak showing parameters analysed, providing data on (C) spontaneous beat rate (n = 8). Electrically paced engineered heart tissues produced average contraction peaks (D), quantified for (E) contraction force, (F) contraction time, and (G) relaxation time (n = 4). (H) 2 Hz electrically paced AT1-engineered heart tissues with or without omecamtiv mecarbil treatment produced average contraction peaks, quantified for (I) contraction force, (J) contraction time, and (K) relaxation time (n = 3). (L) Force-frequency relationship in MYH7-mutant AT1-engineered heart tissues was assessed and quantified in (M). Fast spontaneous beat rate of homozygous R453C-β-myosin heavy chain mutant meant only 2 Hz pacing was possible. (n = 4). Data, mean ± SD. P-values, one-way ANOVA test + Dunnett’s correction.