Table 2.

Absolute rate of CKD per 10,000 person-years and hazard ratios

Variable	Gout			Non-gout			Unadjusted		Adjusted*
	n	Rate‡	95% CI	n	Rate‡	95% CI	Hazard ratio	95% CI	Hazard ratio	95% CI
Overall	6694	28.6	27.9, 29.3	3953	15.8	15.3, 16.3	1.79	1.72, 1.86	1.78	1.70, 1.85
Male	4608	23.6	22.9, 24.3	2681	13.0	12.5, 13.5	1.80	1.71, 1.89	1.78	1.69, 1.87
Female	2086	53.8	51.5, 56.1	1272	28.7	27.1, 30.3	1.82	1.70, 1.95	1.79	1.66, 1.93
Age at index in years
< 55 years	690	5.8	5.4, 6.30	279	2.3	2.1, 2.6	2.52	2.19, 2.89	1.78	1.54, 2.07
55–65	1581	24.6	23.4, 25.8	844	12.3	11.5, 13.2	1.99	1.83, 2.16	1.76	1.61, 1.92
65–75	2506	66.2	63.6, 68.8	1498	33.8	32.1, 35.5	1.91	1.79, 2.04	1.87	1.75, 2.00
> 75	1917	141.0	134.8, 147.5	1332	78.1	74.0, 82.4	1.75	1.63, 1.88	1.71	1.59, 1.84
IMD (quintiles)
1 (least deprived)	1579	25.6	24.3, 26.9	914	13.9	13.0, 14.8	1.81	1.67, 1.97	1.84	1.69, 2.01
2	1689	29.2	27.9, 30.7	1008	16.2	15.2, 17.2	1.78	1.65, 1.92	1.79	1.65, 1.94
3	1439	30.9	29.3, 32.5	831	16.7	15.6, 17.9	1.83	1.68, 1.99	1.77	1.62, 1.94
4	1143	29.4	27.8, 31.2	698	16.6	15.4, 17.8	1.76	1.60, 1.93	1.78	1.61, 1.97
5 (most deprived)	841	29.1	27.2, 31.2	501	16.5	15.1, 18.0	1.76	1.57, 1.96	1.67	1.49, 1.88

CKD chronic kidney disease, IMD index of multiple deprivation

*Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, treated hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, heart failure, IMD, myocardial infraction, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, history of hospitalisation, consultation rates, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure, when not stratified by them, ^‡ per 10,000 person-years